Different ways of working

In their respective positions, flavourists and sensory experts include frequent tasting sessions of food products, as well as descriptions of their associated flavour sensations. However, the ways they evaluate the food products, and how they express and 

Technical tasting sessions organised by flavourists follow an empirical conrse, whereas sensory blind tasting sessions follow a standardised approach. 

For the flavourists, the main goal of technical tasting sessions is to familiarise lhanselves with a specific product set or to evaluate the performance of their own flavonr creations. In that respect, flavourists are fully aware of all the project details, such as the requester, the objectives, the targeted market, the product recipe, etc., which strongly influence their perceptions and their jndgements. 

On the other hand, sensory expert panelUsts are never informed abont the project stakes when they describe flavour profiles. Blind tastings enable the collection of objective information. This avoids many psychological biases. An expectation error would consist, for instance, of having the preconceived idea that a vanilla ice-cream sold under a well-known brand would have a more intense vanilla flavour than a cheaper brand, even before having tasted them. A blind evaluation using plastic cups labelled with a three-digit code ensures the minimisation of any such preconceived idea, in order to objectively determine whether the intensity of vanilla flavour is different from one product to another. 

Flavourists, however, are not used to the total absence of context, and are rarely aware of its possible impact on perception. They would thus expect technical tasting and a sensory evaluation to provide similar results, and they may be disturbed when faced with difference between the outcomes of these two types of evaluation. For instance, a recent sensory market study on various European best-sellers of vanilla icecreams highlighted the complete absence of vanilla flavour notes in some of the products coming from the same country. This insight was completely unexpected by the flavourist community, and especially relevant to the ones who develop vanilla icecream flavours for this particular country. They now know that they must focus on creamy and dairy notes instead of vanillin or vanilla bean notes to provide vanilla flavours which fit this specific market. 

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It has occurred to me that perhaps the Oracle numbers you were wishing for, are contained in P. Christian s Histoire de la Magie which I suppose you have. At p.177 is given an account as to Cagliostro predicting all the events of the first French Revolution, and even of the whole career of Napoleon Buonaparte whilst he was yet a Pupil at the Ecole Militaire, and the system by which he did it, which is really the Taro, only a different way of working it. It is farther corrobated [s/V] in the next chapter (3rd book) p.253 by another Adept, Pierre le Clerc using the same system for Napoleon himself. 

The change from paper-based operations to paperless operations may have more advantages than are immediately apparent. Computers provide an interactive medium that provides a fundamentally different way of working than the passive medium of paper. They can respond back on data entries, guide the operator and ensure d5mamic updates with up-to-date information throughout the company. 

Can the directive review process survive an expansion of the EU in its current form Consensus between the 15 Member States is difficult to achieve in a reasonable time frame. I believe that we will need to seek out different ways of working when the expansion occurs. 

There are many different ways of making polystyrene using the suspension process. Most producers use a batch process, although there are no technical reasons why a continuous process could not work.10 For this study a batch... 

The second type of monitoring Sis are constructed from tools such as (safety) inspections, and (safety) observational programmes. These tools are numerous, van Steen (van Steen, 1996) amongst others provides an overview of many different technical and human based inspections utilized by different companies in the chemical process industry. The aim of this type of tool is to check the presence and effectiveness of technical and human safety measures. This safe way of working is compared with standards (technical and human) and expert opinion to indicate... 

Our components (Chapter 10) can have multiple interfaces that is, they must satisfy the expectations of several different clients, who might or might not know about one another. Each interface is defined by a type, so we need a way of working out what it means to satisfy two or more types at the same time. 

The two fundamentally different ways of writing multiple specs (pre/post and pre=>post) were inspired by the work of D. Jackson [Jackson95], He points out the importance of having specs from different views that, when composed, do not do so monotoni-cally we realized we could support both styles with a simple convention on how the specs should be written, while using a uniform rule about composition. 

Eq. 17.42 is the expression of the resolution for CE in electrophoretic terms. However, the application of this expression for the calculation of Rs in practice is limited because of D,. The diffusion coefficient of different compounds in different media is not always available. Therefore, the resolution is frequently calculated with an expression that employs the width of the peaks obtained in an electropherogram. This way of working results in resolution values that are more realistic as all possible variances are considered (not only longitudinal diffusion in Eq. 17.42). Assuming that the migrating zones have a Gaussian distribution, the resolution can be expressed as follows ... 

The above operators apply only to primitive basis functions that have the spin degree of freedom included. In the current work we follow the work of Matsen and use a spin-free Hamiltonian and spin-free basis functions. This approach is valid for systems wherein spin-orbit type perturbations are not considered. In this case we must come up with a different way of obtaining the Young tableaux, and thus the correct projection operators. 

To the best of our knowledge, apart from the above-mentioned systems of Miller and Neenan and the dendrimers presented by our group, no further work on large, highly branched polyphenylene dendrimers has been reported. This chapter will start therefore with the different ways of synthesizing these dendrimers, followed by their functionalization, characterization, and some applications. Finally, we present an outlook describing future work. 

Thus, the previous work gives different ways of reducing the overall ash level in the filtered extract solution, with indications of the effect on individual trace elements. However, all these methods require alteration to process parameters and it was thought that it might be useful to provide an alternative which would be an add-on to the existing process. The observation that solvent insolubles of filtered extract contain high proportions of trace elements could provide the basis for a method based on solvent de-ashing of a filtered extract These results are described in the next section. 

According to Sternbach s account of the discovery of chlordiazepoxide, chance was also at work in the laboratories of Hoffmann-1 a Roche, although in a different way of the series of substances that Stembach had synthesized, why should it have been chlordiazepoxide, of all others, that had been left behind untested in the chemist s laboratory Rather than stressing this chance occurrence, the well-conducted clinical trial of the experimental preparation should be emphasized instead. This study was not restricted to a single indication or dosage range, but was extended in the face of initial unfavorable results into those indications within which the then standard preparation meprobamate achieved its best results (Cohen, 1970). 

The product of the viscous force Fv exerted by the particle on the fluid and the velocity vz of the fluid also equals the rate at which work is done on the fluid by the particle. Remember, a force times a distance equals energy, so a force times a velocity equals the rate of energy dissipation. Thus, we have two different ways of expressing the rate of energy dissipation associated with the presence of a spherical particle in the flowing liquid. Equating these two expressions gives... 

Recall from Section 1.7 that the standard mathematical way to deal with irrelevant ambiguity is to define an equivalence relation and work with equivalence classes. In this case of tensors, the irrelevant ambiguity arises from the different ways of writing the same object as a linear combination of products. We will use this insight to define tensor products. Suppose V and W are complex vector spaces. Consider the complex vector space V W generated by the set... 

However, there is something so important and fundamental in this different way of converting the energy released in a chemical reaction to work that it is worth a more detailed inquiry on a molecular level, concerning the difference in intrinsic conversion-efficiency maxima between thermal and electrochemical reactions. 

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