Diabetes pathogenesis

S.G. Gray, P. De Meyts, Role of histone and transcription factor acetylation in diabetes pathogenesis, Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev. 2005, 21, 416-433. 

Withers DJ, White M (2000) Perspective the insulin signaling system - a common link in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Endocrinology 141 1917-1921... 

Free radicals, however, satisfy other criteria required for an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular disease ... 

Lyons, T.J. (1991). Oxidised low density lipoproteins a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in diabetes Diabet. Med. 8, 411-419. 

The pathogenesis of diabetic foot infection stems from three key factors neuropathy, angiopathy, and immunopathy. Aerobic gram-positive cocci, such as S. aureus and P-hemolytic streptococci, are the predominant pathogens in acutely infected diabetic foot ulcers. However, chronically infected wounds are subject to polymicrobial infection and require treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics. 

Bays, H., Mandarino, L., and DeEronzo, R. A. (2004). Role of the adipocyte, free fatty acids, and ectopic fat in pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus Peroxisomal proleferator-activated receptor agonists provide a rational therapeutic approach. /. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 89, 463 78. 

Akerblom, H.K., Knip, M., Hyoty, H., Rejijonen, H., Virtanen, S., Savilahti, E. and Ilonen, J. (1997). Interaction of genetic and environmental factors in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, Clinica Chimica Acta, 257, 143-156. 

The role of IMCL in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes... 

A brief overview about the fundamental principles of the pathogenesis of skeletal muscle insulin resistance and its contribution to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus is given in the following. Priority is given to the role of lipid metabolism, which is the main field of the reported spectroscopic studies. Furthermore, the technique of euglycemic hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp is described allowing determination of the individual insulin sensitivity of musculature. The role of IMCL in insulin resistance of the skeletal muscle is discussed. 

To gain further insight into the mechanisms involved in defective insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle of insulin-resistant subjects, the possible role of IMCL in the pathogenesis of skeletal muscle insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus was explored by comparing insulin sensitivity (GIR) and IMCL content of insulin-resistant and insulin-sensitive offsprings of patients with type 2 diabetes. Twenty-six healthy subjects were included in the first study, 13 of them classified as insulin-sensitive and further 13 as insulin-resistant. Metabolic and anthropometric data are given in Table 4. 

Haller H, Drab M, Luft FC. (1996) The role of hyperglycemia and hyper-insulinemia in the pathogenesis of diabetic angiopathy. Clin Nephrol 46 246-255. 

Magalhaes, P. M., Appel, H. J., and Duarte, J. A. (2008). Involvement of advanced glycation end products in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications The protective role of regular physical activity. Eur. Rev. Aging Phys. Act. 5,17-29. 

Gliclazide is slowly absorbed. It is metabolized and excreted in the urine, in part as unchanged drug with an elimination half-life of 6-14 hours. Its duration of action is about 12 hours. Glicazide reduces platelet adhesiveness and increases fibrinolytic activity. This could be of importance as both factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of the longterm organ failure in diabetes. 

The pathogenesis of type I diabetes is autoimmune destruction of the cells of the pancreas. The factor or factors that trigger this autoimmune response are unknown. Predisposing factors appear to include certain major histocompatibility complex haplotypes and autoantibodies to various islet cell antigens. The progression of the autoimmune response is characterized by lymphocytic infiltration and destruction of the pancreatic cells resulting in insulin deficiency. Type I diabetes mellitus constitutes about 10% of cases of diabetes mellitus. 

Mandrup-Poulsen, T., Corbett, J. A., McDaniel, M. L., and Nerup, J. (1993). What are the types and cellular sources of free radicals in the pathogenesis of type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus Diabetologia 36, 470-471. 

Rabinovitch, A. (1993). Roles of cytokines in IDDM pathogenesis and islet -cell destruction. Diabetes Rev. 1, 215-240. 

Extensive evidence exists to suggest a linkage between the pathogenesis of diabetic complications and enhanced glucose metabolism via the polyol pathway. The polyol pathway functions in all tissues susceptible to clinically... 

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