Development, defined

A validation protocol adapted from the experiences during the method development defines the scope of the validation study (goal of the study, regulating guidelines, key method parameters, etc.). To investigate the adequate method performance, these features (e.g., range of analyte concentration), together with a statement of any fitness-for-purpose criteria, have to be specified in the validation protocol. A basic check has to provide that the reasonable assumptions about the principles of the method are not seriously flawed. In this process, sources of error in analysis have to be listed (Table 4) and their effects have to be checked. The validation should, as far as possible, be conducted to provide a realistic survey of the number... 

J. W. Pollard and E. R. Stanley, Pleiotropic roles for CSF-1 in development defined hy the mouse mutation osteopetrotic. Advances in Developmental Biochemistry i, 153-193 (1996). 

NOTE The World Commission on Environment and Development defines sustainability as "developmenf fhaf meefs fhe need of fhe present without compromising the ability of fufure generafions to meef fheir needs."... 

Boyatzls (1982), who many would regard as the founding father of the competency approach to management development, defined Job competency as ... 

Up until 1977, the non-covalent polymeric assemblies found in biological membranes rarely attracted any interest in supramolecular organic chemistry. Pure phospholipids and glycolipids were only synthesized for biophysical chemists who required pure preparations of uniform vesicles, in order to investigate phase transitions, membrane stability and leakiness, and some other physical properties. Only very few attempts were made to deviate from natural membrane lipids and to develop defined artificial membrane systems. In 1977, T. Kunitake published a paper on A Totally Synthetic Bilayer Membrane in which didodecyl dimethylammonium bromide was shown to form stable vesicles. This opened the way to simple and modifiable membrane structures. Since then, organic chemists have prepared numerous monolayer and bilayer membrane structures with hitherto unknown properties and coupled them with redox-active dyes, porous domains and chiral surfaces. Recently, fluid bilayers found in spherical vesicles have also been complemented by crystalline mono-... 

Interspecific Xiphophorus hybrids known to produce heritable melanoma and other forms of cancer have thus become a well-established model in which the underlying molecular mechanisms are starting to be elucidated. In addition to the hereditary melanoma model, other hybrids are available that develop defined epithelial, mesenchymal and neuronal neoplasia following treatment with specific carcinogens these all offer the opportunity to study the molecular mechanisms responsible for the malignant phenotype obtained. 

Three instance variables associated with each demon are its "initial belief," "current belief," and "minimum threshold" (Figure 4). Initial belief is a developer-defined default. At the beginning of an ALEX consultation, current belief equals initial belief current belief changes as variables related to the demon are resolved. The minimum threshold defines the minimum level of current belief that must be obtained in order for actions associated with the demon to be processed. 

A full release of GenBank occins on a bimonthly schedule with incremental (and nonincremental) daily updates available by anonymous FTP. The International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration also exchanges new and updated records daily. Therefore, all sequences present in GenBank are also present in DDBJ and EMBL, as described in the introduction to this chapter. The three databases rely on a common data format for information described in the feature table documentation (see below). This represents the lingua franca for nucleotide sequence database annotations. Together, the nucleotide sequence databases have developed defined submission procedures (see Chapter 4), a series of guidelines for the content and format of all records. 

As one of the three basic tasks of bulk drug process development, defining and achieving the physicochemical attributes of the bulk drug is pursued throughout the development cycle. Unavoidably, this effort trails that of the chemical or fermentation process, since its target comes from the dosage form development effort. 

Variables Uses and Applications of Task Analysis Future Developments Defining Terms References Further Information... 

Product Development The product development defines the shape, attributes, and the structure of products, thus determining the bill of material and partially the material master. The required attributes of parts and other aspects (e.g., measures) are specified in drawings and further bills of material, given that the parts are not standardized. 

The world is becoming increasingly aware of the fact that fossil raw materials are a finite resource. Their use needs to be reduced considerably in order to achieve sustainable development, defined by the UN Brundtland Commission in 1987 as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. ... 

High-Level Requirements (developed, defined, accurate, consistent, comply with system requirements, traceable, coverage)... 

After the earthquake in Vrancha in 1987, reassessment of the seismic impact was done, and number of measures for improvement the seismic stability of civil constructions and equipment was performed. After the year 1989, IAEA Project (BUL/9/012) was initiated. Within this project additional investigations of the seismic impact on the site were executed, considering also the effect of the local earthquakes. New seismic characteristics of the site were defined SL — 1 = 0.1 g (10 y ) and SL — 2 = 0.2 g (lO " y ). Using the new characteristics, new response spectra were developed (defined) and behaviour of all the components, important to safety, was analyzed under this impact. 

Developing defined lower molecular weights or oligomeric forms of chitin and chitosan as fnture application potential... 

Similar approaches are also developed, defining the significance of individual steps by their contribution in the entropy change as a result of the total chemical reaction [51]. 

The retention characteristics of 23 substituted benzenes (e.g., anisole, nitrobenzene, chlorobenzene, benzonitrile, benzaldehyde) were studied on C g columns [801]. The k values were tabulated for the following rmbile phase compositions 60/40 THF/water, 35/35/30 THF/methanol/water, and 37.5/12.5/50 THF/ methanol/water. From these data, a predictive retention model based on principal solute component factors was developed. Defining three factors led to a model that reproduced the analyte retention to within 2.2%. 

The U K. Department for International Development defines social assistance as... 

We proposed to use the organization s established TQM process to define and implement a safety supervisory process. We would begin with an organizational unit that volunteered for the process. We would establish a team, including supervisors, hourly employees, and the plant manager. This team would develop, define, and document a process that could be rolled out across the organization. 

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