Developing world

Fishes in the family Salmonidae (trout and salmon) are in high demand, with the interest in salmon being greatest in developed nations. Salmon, mostiy Atiantic salmon, are produced in Canada, Chile, Norway, New Zealand, Scotiand, and the United States. Fishes in the family Cichhdae which includes several cultured species of tilapia, are reared primarily in the tropics, but have been widely introduced throughout both the developed and developing world. 

Human activity, particularly in the developing world, continues to make it more difficult to sustain the world s biomass growth areas. It has been estimated that tropical forests are disappearing at a rate of tens of thousands of hm per year. Satellite imaging and field surveys show that Brazil alone has a deforestation rate of approximately 8 x 10 hm /yr (5). At a mean net carbon yield for tropical rain forests of 9.90 t/hm yr (4) (4.42 short ton /acreyr), this rate of deforestation corresponds to a loss of 79.2 x 10 t/yr of net biomass carbon productivity. 

The propylene-based chemicals, n- and isobutanol and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol [104-76-7] (2-EH) dominate the product spectmm. These chemicals represent 71% of the world s total oxo chemical capacity. In much of the developed world, plasticizers (qv), long based on 2-EH, are more often and more frequendy higher molecular weight, less volatile Cg, and C q alcohols such as isononyl alcohol, from dimerized normal butenes isodecanol, from propylene trimer and 2-propyl-1-heptanol, from / -butenes and aldol addition. Because of the competition from the higher molecular weight plasticizer alcohols,... 

M. Hankins, SolarPuralElectrification in the Developing World, Solar Electric Light Eund, 1993. 

Potassium permanganate is no longer commonly used in the developed world to kill pathogens. 

These divergent energy production patterns between the developing world and the United States are understandable. Heating and cooking are the major uses of biomass in the developing world because of affordability, availability, and convenience. 

Reliability of electric energy supply is an important requirement in modern society, and consumers in developed countries have grown to expect electricity to be available on demand. The electric utility industry in North America and throughout the rest of the developed world is undergoing considerable change as open transmission access and consumer choice are... 

Energy is the economic lifeblood of all economies. It is an essential gear for the economies of the developed world, and of ever growing importance to developing nations. It is of concern to the largest of... 

The World Bank also looks tor energy effieiency improvement opportunities by pushing for the elimination of fossil fuel subsidies (estimated at over 200 billion a year in the developing world), improving demand-side efficiency, and making the energy supply system more cost conscious. 

The workhorses of most rail passenger systems are ordinary passenger trains operating at 70 to 160 km/hr. Table 1 shows the rail passenger traffic carried by most of the world s railways. The top three railway systems account for more than half of the world s passenger services, and the top six account for over two-thirds. Table 1 demonstrates another important point the entire developed world accounts for only 30 percent of rail passenger transport. North American, European, and Japanese experiences arc not representative of the vast bulk of the world s rail passengers. 

World Bank. (199.3). Energy Efficiency and Conservation in the Developing World. Washington, DC World Bank. 

Dahl, C. A. (1992). A Survey of Energy Demand Elasticities for the Developing World. Journal of Energy and Development 18(I) l-48. 

NSAIDs are used as the first-line treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, systemic lupus erythematosis and other inflammatory diseases, and are thus amongst the most widely used dtugs in the developed world. This widespread use inevitably entailed a considerable associated morbidity, in particular a high incidence of gastric toxicity. In the USA alone, perforations, ulcers and bleeds lead to the hospitalisation of 100,000 patients per year, and about 15% of these die while under intensive care. 

This paper is dedicated to the hundreds of millions of impoverished and exploited people of the forests in the developing world. Most will have little hope or opportunity to escape the misery of poverty unless the sociopolitical constraints that result in both overexploitation of natural resources and continued human suffering are overcome. This includes an increased awareness, compassion and action from the citizens, governments, and businesses of developed countries. We wish to thank Bev Clark, Dodi Reesman and Sheila Till for assistance with manuscript preparation and Drs. L. F. DeBano, D. A. Perry and one anonymous reviewer for helpful reviews of this manuscript. 

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