Emulsification and detergency

The physico-chemical theory of surface activity is a vast field and no more than broad principles can be touched on here major reference sources exist for those who require more detail of the relationship between chemical structure and the various surfactant properties such as wetting, detergency and emulsification-solubilisation [32-36]. 

Is a water-soluble surfactant used in formulations for detergents and emulsifications. 

Formulation B has greater hard water compatabi1ity and antiredeposition characteristics. These formulations produce thick, copious foams that are suitable for foam on applications. They provide excellent hard surface detergency and emulsification. 

Excellent detergency and emulsification, particularly for oily soils... 

Effective viscosity builder, foam booster and stabilizer. Exhibits good detergency and emulsification characteristics. 

Water-soluble surfactant for detergency and emulsification, especially where low foaming is desired. 

Anionic surfactants that exhibit high degrees of surface activity and are recommended for applications requiring wetting, detergency, and emulsification. 

Features Exc. detergency and emulsification properties good caustic stability Properties Tan opaque liq. sp.gr. 0.954-0.964 pH 7-8 (as is) solids 20%... 

WATER-INITIATED EMULSIFICATION OF FUEL DETERGENTS AND DEPOSIT CONTROL ADDITIVES... 

Surfactant (water treatment) A compound that reduces surface tension between immiscible substances, like oil and water, which prevents them from separating. Examples include detergents and emulsifiers (compare with emulsification). 

Surfactants are frequently used in detergents and food products to alter the properties of solution interfaces, mediating between immiscible phases because of their hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties. The addition of surfactants increases the concentration of hydrophobic compounds in the water phase by solubilization or emulsification above a specific threshold, the critical micellar concentration (CMC), where surfactant molecules aggregate to micelles [130]. Two widely utilized nonionic surfactants, Tween 80 and Triton X-100, were evaluated in terms of enzyme interaction, by calculating the inactivation coefficient (kA) under static conditions. Concentrations lower than CMC were studied in order to avoid diffusional limitations in the interaction of the enzyme and the PAH in the micellar phase. The concentration 0.25 CMC was considered the most favorable for the enzyme, with Triton X-100 being the surfactant that led to the lowest inactivation coefficients for all the concentrations tested and was 2.5 times lower than kd in control experiment. 

Of these mechanisms, solubilisation and emulsification of soils are controlled by detergent composition, hydrodynamic flow is controlled by washing machine design and fibre flexing is controlled by fabric construction. The textile chemist can only influence the mechanisms that involve the fibre surface, i.e. rollup of oily soil, penetration of soil-fibre interface, surface abrasion and finish swelling. Finishes have been developed that provide soil release performance by taking advantage of all of these mechanisms. 

Is a water-soluble surfactant widely used for general purpose detergency, wetting, and emulsification. 

Nonionic detergents formulated for use in high turbulence equipment such as jets. Offering efficient oil removal and emulsification properties, KLENZOL 201 is especially useful in processing goods where excessive amounts of oil warrant higher than normal surfactant concentrations without foaming difficulties. 

Flow induced phase inversion (FIPI) has been observed by the author and applied to intensive materials structuring such as agglomeration, microencapsulation, detergent processing, emulsification, and latex production from polymer melt emulsifica-A diagrammatic illustration of FIPI is shown in Fig. 4. When material A is mixed with material B, in the absence of any significant deformation, the type of dispersion obtained [(A-in-B) or (B-in-A)] is dictated by the thermodynamic state variables (TSVs) (concentration, viscosity of components, surface activity, temperature, and pressure). If the... 

Large quantities of alkalies are required for the scouring operation. Technical sodium hydroxide, sodium silicate, sodium carbonate, and trisodium phosphate are among the alkalies used. Occasionally ordinary soaps are employed to assist in penetration and emulsification, but more generally the cheaper soaps, such as pine oil soap, or synthetic detergents, though not cheap, can be used sparingly and economically. 

The major component of a laundry detergent is surfactant. Surfactants, alone and in combination with other ingredients, work to remove soils from the surface of the cloth through emulsification, roll-up, and electrostatic forces. A variety of different surfactants have been used in laundry detergents, and they can be classified as anionic, nonionic, and cationic. 

Long chains = good detergency, good emulsification and solubility... 

Improved detergency and thickening characteristics. Exhibits emulsification and wetting properties. Foam stabilizer and viscosity builder. Used in industrial and household cleaners. AMIDEX CA ... 

Either plant steam or steam from a portable steam generator can be used. If a steam lance is used, the detergent solution may enter the steam gun by venturi action and mix with the steam. Steam removes oils, greases, and soaps by first thinning them at elevated temperatures. Dispersion and emulsification of the oils then oc-... 

---