Design product size

Product standards may stipulate performance characteristics, dimensions, quaUty factors, methods of measurement, and tolerances and safety, health, and environmental protection specifications. These are introduced principally to provide for interchangeabiUty and reduction of variety. The latter procedure is referred to as rationalization of the product offering, ie, designation of sizes, ratings, etc, for the attribute range covered and the steps within the range. The designated steps may foUow a modular format or a preferred number sequence. 

In the spray-up process a reinforcement, usuaHy glass fiber, is substituted for the mat and a special spray gun simultaneously chops the glass fiber and appHes it with catalyzed resin to the mold surface. Hand rolling techniques then consoHdate the fiber and resin to conform to the mold surface contours. The shorter chopped fibers aHow for more intricate design detaHs than do mats. Both processes rely heavily on the operators skiHs for product quahty. These two processes require the least capital investment and have the largest product size capabHity of aH the processes. A single-surface mold produces a part with one controHed (usuaHy the visible) surface. 

Effect of reactor design on size and productivity for a gas-liquid reaction... 

Effect of Reactor Design on Size and Productivity for a Gas-Licjuid Reaction (CCPS, 1993a)... 

Figure 18 shows a typical line of compression presses fitted with vacuum chambers. This type of press can be purchased with platen sizes in the range 355 x 355 mm to 710 x 710 mm. The choice of press size is dependent on product size, product design, and volume. 

A device is a product having all major parts are essentially made by a single manufacture. Thus, the device design and its manufacturing operation are under the complete control of the designer. This definition does not dictate a particular product size or complexity, but does infer that such a product will have limited size and complexity. 

Product size is limited to available equipment that can handle the size and pressure as well as other processing requirements. Also involved are factors such as packaging and shipment to the customer. The ability to achieve specific shapes and design details is dependent on the way the process operates. 

In addition to the process parameters, there are large numbers of factors that decide the success of an injection molding operation. Mold design, product design, position, and size of gates, type and positioning of runners, etc., are extremely important factors to be taken care of. A detail consideration regarding these factors has been discussed below [213]. 

A batch plant for 7 products and 10 batch stages (equipment units) is to be designed. Products must be manufactured within H = 6200 hours. Tables 7.4-13 to 7.4-15 show processing times tij, size factors Sij, and yearly production requirements g for all products and stages. Cost coefficients for all... 

Equipment used in the manufacture, processing, packing, or holding of a drug product shall be of appropriate design, adequate size, and suitably located to facilitate operations for its intended use and for its cleaning and maintenance. 

The fineness of the material being processed governs the selection of machines. Both the feed and the product sizes are involved in the selection process. Some machines, by their very design, can treat only coarse material, while some others can treat only fine material. Some machines produce a very uniform product, whereas some others, by virtue of their construction, produce a product with considerable variations in size. 

The scale-up from the laboratory equipment to production size units is dependent on equipment design which may or may not have been scalable as far as its dimensional feature or components selection is concerned. The importance of scalability is well understood and accepted by the manufacturers of fluid-bed processors. Various sizes in their product line are logically designated and manufactured. Airflow in the fluid-bed process is a critical parameter. The design and selection of the processor is very important for the laboratory and production unit. Because airflow is one of the components of the drying capacity of a fluid-bed system, ratio of air volume per kg or liter of the product is very critical to achieve scale-up that is linear. 

This step is for stabilization of the structure and shape of the individual cell in the form, and volume and physical properties of the form in consideration of the design reference size of the component or product. 

Product design Product characterization 1 X batch size... 

Product selection ( go formula) Process design Product optimization Process characterization 10 x batch size... 

On scaling-up the equipment, the surface-to-volume ratio decreases, which limits the heat removal in production machines. Moreover, in production-size machines thermal inhomogeneities may occur that do not exist in laboratory equipment This requires a careful design of the experiments on laboratory scale in order to assure a reliable scale-up procedure. 

Detailed design of fluid spray dryers must, however, be accompanied by experimental work. It has been noted [22] that even quite similar materials may behave very differently in a spray granulator. Experimental work will indicate such information as the natural mechanism of particle growth (coalescence vs layering), attainable product sizes, the preferred temperature and moisture conditions for the bed material, suitable ranges of bed voidage... 

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