Dermatological agents, pharmaceutical

Vitamin A constitutes the most significant sector of the commercial retinoid market and is used primarily in the feed area. In the pharmaceutical area, there are several important therapeutic dermatologic agents which stmcturaHy resemble vitamin A and they are depicted in Figure 2 (see Pharmaceuticals). The carotenoids as provitamin A compounds also represent an important commercial class of compounds with P-carotene [7235-40-7] (10) occupying the central role (Fig. 3) (9). 

Chemical/Pharmaceutical/Other Class Diuretic, osmotic agent, and dermatological agent... 

Chloromethyidimethylchlorosilane derivatizing corticosteroids Dimethyidiacetoxysilane dermatitis, chronic humans Potassium arsenite dermatologic agent o-Thiocresol p-Thiocresol dermatologic pharmaceuticals Sulfurated potash dermatological treatment Lactic acid dermatology... 

The principal OTC pharmaceutical products include cold remedies, vitamins and mineral preparations, antacids, analgesics, topical antibiotics, antiftingals and antiseptics, and laxatives. Others include suntan products, ophthalmic solutions, hemorrhoidal products, sleep aids, and dermatological products for treatment of acne, dandmff, insect parasites, bums, dry skin, warts, and foot care products (11). More recent prescription-to-OTC switches have included hydrocortisone, antihistamine and decongestant products, antiftingal agents, and, as of 1995, several histamine H2-receptor antagonists. 

Use Various uses include application as caustic, dermatologic, antiseptic and as digestive. Used in the resolution of alcohols. Aq. soln. used as complexing agent in ion-exchange separations of alkaline earth metals. Used in foodstuffs and pharmaceuticals (preservative, flavour, acidulant), plasticisers, mordants. In brewing, manuf. of cheese and confectionery. Depilatory for hides. 

Chem. Descrip. Glyceryl dilaurate CAS 27638-00-2 EINECS/ELINCS 248-586-9 Uses Emulsifier in fats and oils emollient, solubilizer for cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, clinical nutrition, coating, delivery/absorp. enhancement, dermatologicals, infant formulas, microemulsions, nutritional/sports supplements superfatting agent... 

Uses Emulsifier, bodying agent, emollient, lubricant, vise, modifier for pharmaceuticals (clinical nutrition, coating, delivery/absorption enhancement, dermatological emulsion, infant formulas, nutritional/sports supplements, suppositories, tablets) emollient, emulsifier, lubricant, vise, modifier for cosmetics (creams/lotions, mascara, foundation, sun care preps.) Properties Lovibond R4.0 max. bead insol. in water sol. in oil elevated temps. m.p. 57-62 C HLB 3-4 acid no. 3.0 iodine no. 5.0 nonionic... 

Uses Surfactant, emulsifier, dispersant, solubilizer, vise, control agent, wetting agent, and foaming agent for pharmaceutical dermatologicals... 

Uses Emulsifier, conditioner, spreading agent, dispersant, plasticizer, emollient for cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, waxes, polishes, leather treatment dermatological vehicles Trade Name Synonyms Solulan PB-2 t[Amerchol http //www.dow.com] Amerchol Europe]... 

Properties Sol. in alcohol, min. oil sp.gr. 0.921 flash pt. (COC) 159 C ref. index 1.4350 Uses Emollient for cosmetics, creams/lotions, topicals, makeup, bath preps., after-shave lotions plasticizer solvent, carrier, vehicle in flavors, fragrances, vitamins, antibiotics, medicinals vehicle for nutritional prods. emollient, moisturizer, lubricant, penetrant, extender, carrier, vehicle, solvent, solubilizer, fixing agent, humectant in pharmaceuticals, dermatologicals, dry skin prods., suppositories... 

Definition Natural fat obtained from fruit of the Karite tree, Butyrospermum parkii Properties Gray-wh. solid dens. 0.9175 iodine no. 53-65 sapon. no. 178-190 Uses Emollient, consistency agent, lubricant, moisturizer, vehicle, carrier, vise, modifier, skin protectant, fatting agent for lotions, pharmaceutical dermatologicals, suppositories, o/w and w/o creams and emulsions skin conditioner, occlusive agent, solvent for suntan preps., body lotions, soaps, shampoos... 

Resorcinol and its mono- and diacetates can be separated from one another and from hexachlorophene by TLC after extraction from dermatological preparations silica gel layers were used, prepared with 0.01 M aqueous sodium tungstate as complexing agent, benzene-dioxan-acetic acid (90 +10 + 2) as solvent and ferricyanide-ferric chloride (Rgt. No. Ill) for detection [64]. Hexyhesorcinol and hexachlorophene can be separated on silica gel G layers, using methyl isobutyl ketone [64]. A separation of dichlorophene and hexachlorophene has been possible with n-heptane,saturated with acetic acid,and layers of a hand prepared mixture of silica gel and starch binder [26]. Some of the components of tar oils and their TLC are also of pharmaceutical interest [130]. TLC-data for dithranol have also been described [15]. lodo-chlorhydroxyquin(5-chloro-8-hydroxy-7-iodoquinoline) has been separated from possible contaminants originating from its synthesis, by TLC in methanol on polyamide-calcium sulphate layers (5g polyamide + 3.5 g calcium srdphate + 10 ml water) [90]. 

Muscadine varieties contain phenolic compounds (Singleton et al., 1966) and large amounts of glyceryl monostyrate, useful as a finishing agent, dispersant in textiles, thermoplastics, lubricants, ointments and lotions for pharmaceutical and dermatological applications, as well as a potential commercial precursor of stearic acid. 

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