Density solid densities

Liquid density Solid density Vapor pressure... 

Vapor density Liquid density Solid density 4.86 (air = 1) 1.102 g/cm3 at 25°C No data available... 

Origin, supplier, packaging Bulk density, solids density Grain size (grain size distribution) and shape Flow properties, gradient Abrasiveness... 

Method Gas viscosity Liquid density Solid density... 

The density of food material is expressed in two ways, solid density and bulk density. Solid density is the mass of the solid over the volume of the solid excluding the air voids ... 

True density (solid density) n. Of a specimen of porous material, the mass of the specimen divided by (volume of the specimen less the volume of its voids), i.e., = M/[V (1 — s)j, where s is the... 

Particle mean diameter Solids bulk density Solids density Angle of repose... 

Liquid feed flow rate Liquid density Solid density Liquid viscosity Feed concentration... 

Vyi, Viti stoichiometric coefEcients of feth species in reaction i p,Ps gas density, solid density ff Stefan—Boltzmann constant... 

Let us consider a spherical particle that is surround by a fluid phase with a different density. The particle will move downwards through the action of gravity, and its motion will be checked by the drag force extended by the fluid. The equation of motion for the particle can be written as follows (with p = fluid density, = solid density and = drag coefficient)... 

Let us imagine that our centimetre cube of solid (density p) is broken up into cubes no longer of equal size and that there are rij cubes of edge length /, 2 of hs - "i of length fj. 

Solid Density. SoHds can be characterized by three densities bulk, skeletal, and particle. Bulk density is a measure of the weight of an assemblage of particles divided by the volume the particles occupy. This measurement includes the voids between the particles and the voids within porous particles. The skeletal, or tme soHd density, is the density of the soHd material if it had zero porosity. Fluid-bed calculations generally use the particle... 

Equation 6 has been fitted to a wide variety of literature data in which solid density ranged from about 1—6 g/cm and Hquid densities were generally close to 1 g/cm (44). The foUowing relationships were found. 

Density is defined as the mass of a substance contained in a unit volume. In the SI system of units, the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of water at I5°C is known as its relative density, while the older term specific gravity is the ratio relative to water at 60°F. Various units of density, such as kg/m, Ib-mass/fF, and g/cm, are commonly used. In addition, molar densities, or the density divided by the molecular weight, is often specified. This section briefly discusses methods of correlation of density as a function of temperature and presents the most common accurate methods for prediction of vapor, liquid, and solid density. 

Solid density data are sparse and usually only available over a narrow temperature range, for which the general decrease in density with temperature is approximately linear. 

Shallow feedweUs may be used when overflow clarity is not important, the overflow rate is low, and/or solids density is appreciably greater than that of water. Some special feedwell designs used to dissipate entrance velocity and create quiescent settUng conditions spUt the feed stream and allow it to enter the feedwell tangentiaUy on opposite sides. The two streams shear or collide with one another to dissipate kinetic energy. 

Density. Typical densities for various wastes as found in containers are reported oy source in Table 25-50. Because the densities of solid wastes vaiy markedly with geographical location, season of the year, and length of time in storage, great care should be used in select-ing typical values. 

Density (solid particle) Design of treatment or Displacement... 

The term three-phase fluidization requires some explanation, as it can be used to describe a variety of rather different operations. The three phases are gas, liquid and particulate solids, although other variations such as two immiscible liquids and particulate solids may exist in special applications. As in the case of a fixed-bed operation, both co-current and counter- current gas-liquid flow are permissible and, for each of these, both bubble flow, in which the liquid is the continuous phase and the gas dispersed, and trickle flow, in which the gas forms a continuous phase and the liquid is more or less dispersed, takes place. A well established device for countercurrent trickle flow, in which low-density solid spheres are fluidized by an upward current of gas and irrigated by a downward flow of liquid, is variously known as the turbulent bed, mobile bed and fluidized packing contactor, or the turbulent contact absorber when it is specifically used for gas absorption and/or dust removal. Still another variation is a three-phase spouted bed contactor. 

Using the filtration constants determined from the above question, determine the filtration time of a 5 m CaCOj suspension containing 5 % solids on the filter with 10 m area. The cake wetness is 40% and the solids density is 2,200 kg/m The density of the liquid is 1,000 kg/m Also determine the final filtration rate after 2 hrs. of operation. 

V = volume to be stirred g = volumetrie fraetion of solid = density of the suspension Ug = partiele sedimentation rate... 

We will consider flow through a solid element. Introducing the notations for molar flow density, partial density, and the reaction rate gives an equation for the mass balance ... 

Pj = solids density (kg m" ) d = particle mass median diameter (m)... 

Equation (14.91) contains only the mass flow ratio /u as a characteristic number of the mechanics of similitude of the mixture. All the other irnpor rant factors, such as particle size, solid density, etc., are contained in the additional pressure-loss coefficient of the solid particles, A, which is determined separately for each material. 

Unlike gases and liquids, the temperatures induced by the rapid loading of solids can be relatively modest. Only at pressures greater than many tens of gigapascal (GPa) are the temperatures of major importance in solid density samples. In porous solid compacts, significantly higher temperatures may be encountered, but, even in this case at lower pressures, mechanical rather than thermal effects may often be dominant. 

In solid density, normal melting materials, melting is typically a very high... 

Fig. 2.21. Melting in solid density materials occurs at very high pressures. The release wave velocities measured as a function of pressure in tantalum show a shift from elastic values to bulk values at pressures approaching 300 GPa. Such a behavior is indicative of a melt (after Brown and Shaner [84B02]).

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