Flammable liquids vapor density

High airborne concentrations of ethyiamine can form, given its vapor pressure, with the potential for severe eye, nose, and respiratory tract irritation escape impairment and possible death. The immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) concentration for ethyiamine is 600 ppm. Anhydrous ethyiamine is a flammable gas aqueous ethyiamine is a flammable liquid. Vapors can travel a considerable distance to an ignition source and flash back because ethyiamine vapor density is heavier than air. 

Non-flammable liquid. Vapor will bum at high tenqieiatuies. Vapor Density (Air=l) ... 

Colorless volatile liquid diamagnetic flammable burns with a bright luminous flame density 1.319 g/mL freezes at -25°C boils at 43°C vapor pressure 320.6 torr at 20°C vapor density 5.89 (air=l) critical temperature about 200°C critical pressure 30 atm practically insoluble in water, 180 mg/L at 10°C miscible with most organic solvents including ethanol, acetone, and benzene soluble in nitric acid and aqua regia. 

Vapor Density (vap d). This value expresses the ratio of the density/of a vapor to the density of air. The vapors of most flammable liquids are heavier than air, thus they can readily flow into low areas, excavations and similar localities. Hence, ventilating outlets in a plant should be located near ground level. 

Diketene is a flammable liquid with a flash point of 33°C and an autoignition temperature of 275°C. It decomposes rapidly above 98°C with slow decomposition occurring even at RT. The vapors are denser than air (relative density 2.9, air air = 1). The explosive limits in air are 2—11.7 vol % (135). In case of fire, water mist, light and stabilized foam, as well as powder of the potassium or ammonium sulfate-type should be used. Do not use basic extinguisher powders and do not add water to a closed container. 

Synonyms isocyanic acid methyl ester, isocyanatomethane, MIC Formula CH3NCO MW 57.05 CAS [624-83-9] used in the manufacture of carbamate pesticides colorless liquid with an unpleasant odor boils at 39°C freezes at -80°C vapor pressure 400 torr at 20°C density 0.96 g/mL at 20°C vapor density 1.97 (air= 1) decomposes in water soluble in most organic solvents highly toxic and flammable. 

Vinyl acetate is a colorless, flammable liquid having an initially pleasant odor which quickly becomes sharp and irritating. Table 1 lists the physical properties of the monomer. Information on properties, safety, and handling of vinyl acetate has been published (5—9). The vapor pressure, heat of vaporization, vapor heat capacity, liquid heat capacity, liquid density, vapor viscosity, liquid viscosity, surface tension, vapor thermal conductivity, and liquid thermal conductivity profile over temperature ranges have also been published (10). Table 2 (11) lists the solubility information for vinyl acetate. Unlike monomers such as styrene, vinyl acetate has a significant level of solubility in water which contributes to unique polymerization behavior. Vinyl acetate forms azeotropic mixtures (Table 3) (12). 

An area which deserves special attention with respect to safety is the storage of liquid ammonia. In contrast to some other liquefied gases (e.g., LPG, LNG), ammonia is toxic and even a short exposure to concentrations of 2500 ppm may be fatal. The explosion hazard from air/ammonia mixtures is rather low, as the flammability limits [1334]-[1338], [1343] of 15-27% are rather narrow. The ignition temperature is 651 °C. Ammonia vapor at the boiling point of-33 °C has vapor density of ca. 70% of that of ambient air. However, ammonia and air, under certain conditions, can form mixtures which are denser than air, because the mixture is at lower temperature due to evaporation of ammonia. On accidental release, the resulting cloud can contain a mist of liquid ammonia, and the density of the cloud may be greater than that of air [1334]-[1344], This behavior has to be taken into account in dispersion models. 

Physical changes involve changes in the physical state of the chemical, bnt do not produce a new substance, snch as the physical transformation from a liqnid to a gas or a liquid to a solid. Physical properties include specific gravity, vapor pressure, boiling point, vapor density, melting point, solubility, flash point, fire point, auto-ignition temperatnre, flammable range, heat content, pH, threshold limit valne (TLV), and permissible exposnre level (PEL). 

Propylene, CjH (propene), has a boiling point of -53°F. The flammable range of propylene is 2 to 11%. The vapor density is 1.46, which is heavier than air. The four-digit UN identification number is 1077. The NFPA 704 designation is health 1, flammability 4, and reactivity 1. It is not toxic, but can be an asphyxiant gas by displacing the oxygen in the air. It is usually shipped as a pressurized liquid in cylinders, tank cars, and tank barges. The structure for propylene is shown in the Alkene section of this chapter. 

Benzene is the parent member of the aromatic hydrocarbon family. It is a colorless to light yellow liquid with a characteristic aromatic odor. Benzene is nonpolar and bums with incomplete combustion, producing a smoky fire. The flammable range is 1.5 to 8% in air. Benzene is also toxic, with a TLV of 10 ppm, and is a known carcinogen. Concentrations of 8000 ppm for 30 to 60 min are fatal. Its boiling point is 176°F, and the flash point is 12°F. The ignition temperature is 928°F. Its vapor density is... 

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