Density of Various Solids

Density of Solvents as a Function of Temperature, 15-25 Density of Sulfuric Acid, 15-40 Density of Various Solids, 15-39 Density, Pressure, and Gravity as a Function of Depth within the Earth,... 

What s the density of sodium hydroxide You ve just done a wash with 5-10% sodium hydroxide solution, you ve just read something about finding various layers in the funnel by their densities, and, by this question, you ve just shown that you ve missed the point. Most wash solutions are 5 to 10% active ingredient dissolved in water. This means they are 90 to 95% water. Looking up the density of the solid reagents then, is a waste of time. The density of these solutions is very close to that of water. (10% NaOH has a specific gravity of 1.1089.)... 

In general, the material density of porous solids decreases with the development of porosity, as it can be seen in Figure 4 for various powdered activated carbons, where tap and packing density values are plotted versus the micropore volume. 

Example 10.9 used two different definitions of the catalyst density and at least two more definitions are in common usage. The value pc = 367 refers to the reactor average density. It is quite low in the example because so much of the reactor volume is empty. Normally, the reactor would be packed almost completely, and the reactor average density would approach the bulk density. The bulk density is what would be measured if the catalyst were dumped into a large container and gently shaken. The bulk density is not stated in the example, but it would be about 800 kg/m3 for the catalyst pellets prior to grinding. The catalyst will pack to something less than the bulk density in a small-diameter tube. The pellet density in the example is 1120 kg/m3. It is the mass of a catalyst pellet divided by the external volume of the pellet. The final density is the skeletal density of the pellet. It is the density of the solid support and equals 1120/(1 — 0.505) = 2260 kg/m3 for the example catalyst. The various densities fall in the order... 

Density of the solid wood before chipping is 40.6 lb/ft3 and contains 52 percent H20 with the remaining 48 percent being cellulose, lignin, and various carbohydrates. After chipping, 1 ft3 of the chips contains 12.5 lb of dry wood and 13.5 = 12.5(f) lb of water. (This corresponds to a void fraction of 0.36.)... 

The optimum firing temperature is usually determined experimentally shrinkage, porosity, strength and other properties important as regards application are determined on specimens exposed at various temperatures. Porosity is given by the equation P = 1 g jQy where q is density of the material free from pores and q is its bulk density (including the pores). In place of porosity, use is sometimes made of relative density, i.e, fraction of the actual density of the solid q Iq = — P. Porosity is also expressed in per cent (P x 100). 

Here the first term corresponds to A (the coefficient is In(lO) times that in Eqs. (1.27)-(1.29) and is zero for liquid solutes) and the other three terms correspond io B + F, whereas -D + 0- OH) = 0 for such solutes that are devoid of specific interactions. The molar volumes for solid solutes were estimated from group contributions rather than from the densities of the solids. The full solubility expression was applied to 150 solutes, including in addition to those above also polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons and various pollutants, drugs, and related compounds, with an overall standard deviation in In ssat of 0.45 (RueUe and Kesselring 1998). The hydrophobic contribution remains dominant even when hydrophilic groups are present in the solute molecule, which reduce somewhat the counter-active hydrophobic effect on the solubility. 

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