Deadly gas

When acids and bases are mixed, a neutralization reaction occurs. Not all acids and bases should be mixed, however. Bleach, which is a solution of sodium or calcium hypochlorite, for example, should never be mixed with any kind of acid because the resulting chemical reaction creates the deadly gas chlorine. Chlorine gas was used as a chemical weapon in World War I, and breathing it can destroy lung tissue. The lungs fill with fluid, and the unfortunate victim eventually dies by suffocation. 

And Dr. Otto Ambros, deadly-gas expert, who is stilt the irrepressible salesman of pure suds and shiny lacquers, has since the middle of 1951 been advisor to the Bonn government on "problems concerning I.G. Farben s southern German plants."... 

The youngest larvae weigh less than a small grain of salt but do not hesitate to take on termite workers thirty times their size. A tiny larva repeatedly approaches a termite and then retreats. Eventually, it maneuvers into a position with the tip of its abdomen pointing at the termite s head. The larva lifts the tip and waves it in front of the termite. This is its way of launching a deadly gas attack. Though termites are blind, they are extremely sensitive to nearby movement and defend themselves vigorously when assaulted. Nonetheless, the termite seems unconcerned by the larva s performance and makes no attempt to turn away or escape. 

Draw an electron-dot structure for the deadly gas hydrogen cyanide, HCN. 

PROBLEM 7.9 Carbon monoxide, CO, is a deadly gas produced by incomplete combustion of fuels. Draw an electron-dot structure for CO. 

Whatever the gas and the cycle are, at the beginning of the discharge, the ratios of all components are all equal to one. This is the consequence of the dynamic cycling operation with a discharge happening immediately at the end of the charge. The first volume of gas flowing out of the vessel is not desorbed by the activated carbon, but comes from the dead gas volume of the vessel. Its composition is equal to the inlet composition of the gas. 

In the absence of sufficient oxygen, carbon-containing compounds undergo incomplete combustion, leading to the formation of carbon monoxide, CO, and water. Carbon monoxide is a deadly gas. You should always make sure that sufficient oxygen is present in your indoor environment for your gas furnace, gas stove, or fireplace. 

Similarly, carbon monoxide, CO, and carbon dioxide, C02, are both made up of carbon and oxygen. Yet each compound is unique, with its own physical and chemical properties. Carbon dioxide is a product of cellular respiration and the complete combustion of fossil fuels. Carbon monoxide is a deadly gas formed when insufficient oxygen is present during the combustion of carbon-containing compounds. Carbon monoxide always contains 42.88% carbon by mass. Carbon dioxide always contains 27.29% carbon by mass. 

On August 15, 1984, a cloud of deadly gas burst from Lake Monoun in Cameroon, a country in western Africa. Thirty-seven people died from suffocation. Two years later, on August 21, 1986, Lake Nyos, a larger and deeper lake, ejected a full cubic kilometre of the same gas. The gas travelled silently into neighbouring villages, killing 1700 people and thousands of livestock. What was this toxic gas ... 

Acrolein explosion occurs Petro pipeline explosion causes 508 deaths LPG tank explosion results in 452 deaths and 4258 injuries Leakage of methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas in a pesticide plant causes exposure of half a million people to the deadly gas. More than 20,000 people died and more than 120,000 people still suffer from severe ailments... 

Since 1986 the scientists studying Lake Nyos and nearby Lake Monoun have observed a rapid recharging of the C02 levels in the deep waters of these lakes, causing concern that another deadly gas release could occur at any time. Apparently the only way to prevent such a disaster is to pump away the C02-charged deep water in the two lakes. Scientists at a conference to study this problem in 1994 recommended such a solution, but it has not yet been funded by Cameroon. ... 

Chlorine Chlorine reacts with nearly all of the elements. Although chlorine is a deadly gas, compounds of chlorine have many uses, including some that can save lives. In 1848, a cholera epidemic began in London. About 25 000 people died during the epidemic, which was blamed on raw sewage flowing into the river Thames. In 1855, London became the first city to use chlorine compounds to disinfect sewage. 

Propane is a colorless, highly flammable/explosive gas that is heavier than air. It occurs in natural gas at concentrations from 3% to 18%. It is emitted into the atmosphere from furnaces, automobile exhausts and sources of natural gas. With sufficient oxygen, it is combusted to carbon dioxide and water but carbon monoxide, a deadly gas, will be generated under leaner conditions. Some references state that propane is odorless while others provide an odor threshold of 22 000-36 000 mg m (odor index = 425 at 20°C). In air, 1 ppm propane = 1.83 mg m. ... 

It seems odd that chlorine is an irritating, acrid, deadly gas, while its chemically active form, chloride, is part of the most widely used seasoning in the world—salt. I call chlorine the cleanser. One of its important functions in the stomach is to destroy harmful microorganisms (that accompany food) before they can get a foothold in the body. Salt (sodium chloride) is 60 percent chloride. About 20 percent of the chloride in our bodies is in organic compounds. 

By mid-April the cylinders stood ready, waiting for wind from the north. Nerves frayed. Impatient German officers fretted that the British and French might learn of the new weapon. In fact, a captured German soldier did tell his French captors about mysterious containers filled with a deadly gas, but French officers never quite understood the implications. 

When an intruder comes in contact with the string, the dowel will be pulled out and the board will slam down. The nail will break the bottle and the Jagged tin will ihred the plastic bag. The add will flood the cyanide and in seconds the area will be filled with deadly gas. 

Anszver by Author The accuracy of the carbon temperature probes used for the tests outlined in this paper is better than 1% of the absolute temperature (°R). The time constant for these probes when they are moved from a liquid to a dead gas space is less than 3 sec. 

Arsenic derivatives were used as pesticides and as paint (by artists the bright yellow pigment, royal yellow, which was favoured by seventeenth-century Dutch painters, is known to oxidise slowly to the deadly compound arsenic oxide), and also in wallpapers (during the nineteenth century, most wallpaper was printed with emerald green containing copper arsenate, which could easily be transformed into the deadly gas methylarsine, by a particular mould that developed when the walls became damp, causing arsenic poisoning. 

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a deadly gas that can form from a reaction between trapped moisture (for example, in the furnace insulation) and carbon. The source of carbon may be the graphite used in some furnaces for heating elements or in graphite-felt insulation. Problems can be avoided by ensuring that the furnace is kept dry. Domestic CO alarms can be installed in the laboratory area as an added precaution. 

Blackdamp A deadly gas that is caused from coal burning in an atmosphere that lacks oxygen mostly a mixture of carbon dioxide and nitrogen found in mines after fires and explosions. 

On the night of December 2, 1984, an accident at the Union Carbide plant in downtown Bhopal, India, caused the release of 40 metric tons of the deadly gas methyl Isocyanate. The cloud of gas spread throughout the city of Bhopal,... 

Note that this is the same deadly gas in Answer 2.4 (c). Only that now you are using the modular fragment HC, rather than starting from the atoms. 

Carbon monoxide interferes with the proper delivery of oxygen in the blood to the rest of the body. When you inhale high concentrations of this potentially deadly gas, it can displace the oxygen in your bloodstream and cause one or more of the following syn toms ... 

The use of carbon monoxide must be done safely because it is a deadly gas. 

Hydrogen cyanide is the deadly gas used in some execution chambers. It melts at 259 K and changes to a gas at 299 K. What are the Celsius temperatures at which hydrogen cyanide changes... 

Look closely at your symbols for aluminum and copper in Example 5.5. If you wrote AL or CU, the symbol is wrong. The letters are right, but the symbol is not. Whenever a chemical symbol has two letters, the first letter is always capitalized, but the second letter is always written in lowercase, or as a small letter. You can enjoy a long and happy life with a pile of Co in your house, but CO is a potentially serious problem in homes. Co is the metal cobalt, which is sometimes used in steel and pottery, among other things. CO is the deadly gas carbon monoxide, which is present in automobile exhaust and tobacco smoke. Carbon monoxide poisoning is the number one cause of accidental poisoning deaths in the world. 

Complex ions. A compound X contains 30.3% Na, 18.4% Fe, 23.7% C, and 27.6% N. When it is electrolyzed with a mercury cathode, metallic Na dissolves in the mercury. HCN (a deadly gas) is slowly released when X is heated with a strong acid. However, medical records indicate that several would-be suicides have swallowed a few grams of X without apparent ill effects, (a) Write the structural formula for X. (b) Offer explanations for the action of strong acid and the failures at suicide, (c) Name the compound (see Appendix 11). 

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