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Carbon temperature

Fig. 4.22 Apparent specific surface A(app) of carbons obtained from the decomposition of polymers, plotted against the carbonization temperature, (a) Polyfurfuryl carbons (b) dibenzanthrone carbons (c) polyvinylchloride carbons. O, A(app) estimated from CO2 isotherm at 195 K (a fCOj) = 17-0 A ) A. /f(app) estimated from N2 isotherm at 77 K = 16-2 A ). (Courtesy Marsh and Wynne Jones.)... Fig. 4.22 Apparent specific surface A(app) of carbons obtained from the decomposition of polymers, plotted against the carbonization temperature, (a) Polyfurfuryl carbons (b) dibenzanthrone carbons (c) polyvinylchloride carbons. O, A(app) estimated from CO2 isotherm at 195 K (a fCOj) = 17-0 A ) A. /f(app) estimated from N2 isotherm at 77 K = 16-2 A ). (Courtesy Marsh and Wynne Jones.)...
Process. Any standard precursor material can be used, but the preferred material is wet spun Courtaulds special acrylic fiber (SAF), oxidized by RK Carbon Fibers Co. to form 6K Panox B oxidized polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber (OPF). This OPF is treated ia a nitrogen atmosphere at 450—750°C, preferably 525—595°C, to give fibers having between 69—70% C, 19% N density less than 2.5 g/mL and a specific resistivity under 10 ° ohm-cm. If crimp is desired, the fibers are first knit iato a sock before heat treating and then de-knit. Controlled carbonization of precursor filaments results ia a linear Dow fiber (LDF), whereas controlled carbonization of knit precursor fibers results ia a curly carbonaceous fiber (EDF). At higher carbonizing temperatures of 1000—1400°C the fibers become electrically conductive (22). [Pg.69]

Table 2. Effect of Peak Carbonization Temperature on PAN Carbon Fiber Composition, wt %... Table 2. Effect of Peak Carbonization Temperature on PAN Carbon Fiber Composition, wt %...
Fig. 6. Each of carbonization temperature on PAN-based carbon fiber strength and modulus (31). To convert GPa to psi, multiply by 145,000. Fig. 6. Each of carbonization temperature on PAN-based carbon fiber strength and modulus (31). To convert GPa to psi, multiply by 145,000.
Eurther heat treatment in excess of 2000°C is referred to as graphitization. Eiber stmcture further densifies as molecular packing and orientation increase. At temperatures of 3000°C or above, the fiber stmcture begins to approach a truly graphitic stmcture with three-dimensional order. Typically, fiber strain to failure decreases as the carbonization temperature exceeds 1500°C because of reaction of impurities with the carbon fiber and the development of an increasingly flaw-sensitive graphitic stmcture (31,34)... [Pg.5]

The reactivities of spray-dried sorbents were examined in a fast fluidized bed. The reactor was operated at a carbonation temperature of 50 °C, and a gas velocity of 2 m/s with an initial sorbent inventory of 7 kg to compare CO2 concentration profiles in effluent gas for spray-dried Sorb NH series and NX30 sorbent. Figure 5 shows the comparison of CO2 concentration profiles in effluent gas of Sorb NHR, NHR5, and NX30 in a fast fluidized-bed reactor. The CO2 removals of Sorb NHR and NHR5 were initially maintained at a level of 100 % for a short period of time and quickly dropped to a 10 to 20 % removal level. [Pg.503]

Fig. 3, Effect of carbonation temperature on CO2 removal in a fast fluidized-bed reactor. Fig. 3, Effect of carbonation temperature on CO2 removal in a fast fluidized-bed reactor.
C02 is removed and the solid sorbent is regenerated by heating it at a temperature greater than the carbonation temperature reversing the equilibrium. [Pg.296]

Once the paper is cured, the carbonization and graphitization steps are performed under an inert environment. The exact temperatures for these two steps depend on the desired characteristics of the final products. In general, it is difficult to determine the best temperatures for these steps. In addition, the rate at which the sample is heated inside the furnace is an important parameter that determines the characteristics of the final product. For example, Mathur et al. [11,12] determined that a carbonization temperature of around 2,000°C (with a 900°C/hour heat rate) and a graphitization temperature of 2,500°C produced a CFP that performed the best in a PEMFC because it improved the hydrophobic properties of the material. [Pg.206]

The relation between the ignition temperature of charcoal and the carbonization temperature of WOOD... [Pg.325]

Figure 12. Relations of specific gravity and carbon content of coals to carbonization temperature. After MacFarlane (24). Dashed lines give parameters of Martinsburg anthraxolite... Figure 12. Relations of specific gravity and carbon content of coals to carbonization temperature. After MacFarlane (24). Dashed lines give parameters of Martinsburg anthraxolite...
The results obtained and discussed above leave no doubt as to the origin of the optical anisotropy and electronic contrast owing to differences in the orientation of the stacks of carbon layers in relation to the incident beam. The existence of this fibrous structure is confirmed by the diffraction diagrams which showed, at the carbonization temperatures examined, a distribution of intensity similar to that found on cokes carbonized up to much higher temperatures and with better known structures. [Pg.259]

Figure 2. Effect of cracking temperature on yields from unhydrogenated coal-derived materials top, Linby coal middle, anthracene oil extract of Linby coal bottom, anthracene oil carbonizer temperature, 873 K vapor residence time, 2 s ... Figure 2. Effect of cracking temperature on yields from unhydrogenated coal-derived materials top, Linby coal middle, anthracene oil extract of Linby coal bottom, anthracene oil carbonizer temperature, 873 K vapor residence time, 2 s ...
FIGURE 2.13 Changes in weight, film size, and amount of evolved gases with carbonization temperature for a polyimide (Kapton) film. [Pg.48]


See other pages where Carbon temperature is mentioned: [Pg.165]    [Pg.79]    [Pg.335]    [Pg.342]    [Pg.343]    [Pg.4]    [Pg.4]    [Pg.6]    [Pg.6]    [Pg.6]    [Pg.7]    [Pg.6]    [Pg.1365]    [Pg.172]    [Pg.177]    [Pg.503]    [Pg.147]    [Pg.89]    [Pg.193]    [Pg.198]    [Pg.107]    [Pg.335]    [Pg.342]    [Pg.343]    [Pg.96]    [Pg.115]    [Pg.362]    [Pg.165]    [Pg.79]    [Pg.87]    [Pg.372]    [Pg.23]    [Pg.172]    [Pg.177]    [Pg.297]    [Pg.321]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.5 , Pg.18 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.5 , Pg.18 ]




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Activated carbons heat treatment temperature effects

Calcium carbonate temperature effect

Carbon Debye temperature

Carbon Dioxide Conversion in High Temperature Reactions

Carbon Materials in Low-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells

Carbon Monoxide at Low Temperatures

Carbon as a function of temperature

Carbon chemical shifts temperature

Carbon continued high-temperature behaviour

Carbon continued high-temperature corrosion

Carbon continued temperature

Carbon continued temperature effects

Carbon cycle temperature dependence

Carbon deposition rate temperature effect

Carbon dioxide Boyle temperature

Carbon dioxide different temperatures

Carbon dioxide permeability temperature

Carbon dioxide pressure-temperature

Carbon dioxide pressure/temperature diagram

Carbon dioxide temperature increase

Carbon dioxide temperature increase induction

Carbon dioxide temperature/composition diagram

Carbon dioxide temperatures

Carbon dioxide, addition critical temperature

Carbon dioxide, pressure-temperature phase

Carbon dioxide, pressure-temperature phase diagram

Carbon dioxide/water beneficiation temperatures

Carbon disulfide autoignition temperature

Carbon disulfide liquid temperature range

Carbon disulphide autoignition temperature

Carbon epoxy temperature effects

Carbon fibers temperature effect

Carbon ignition temperature

Carbon limit temperature

Carbon materials heat-treatment temperatures

Carbon molecular sieve high-temperature

Carbon monoxide at high temperatures

Carbon monoxide at room temperature

Carbon monoxide autoignition temperature

Carbon monoxide hydrogenation reduction temperature

Carbon monoxide oxidation room temperature catalysts

Carbon monoxide oxidation— temperature effect

Carbon monoxide temperature

Carbon monoxide temperature effect

Carbon monoxide, atmospheric ignition temperature

Carbon nanotubes high-temperature synthesis

Carbon nanotubes melting temperature

Carbon nanotubes room temperature electrical

Carbon resistor temperature sensors

Carbon steel corrosion temperature

Carbon temperature and

Carbon tetrachloride liquid temperature range

Carbon zinc, primary operating temperatures

Carbon-black composite positive temperature coefficient

Carbonate high-temperature

Carbonization temperature

Carbonization temperature pitches

Carbonizing, low temperature

Carbons low-temperature

Deposition temperature, diamond-like carbon

Determination of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen by high temperature combustion

Ethylene-carbon monoxide temperature effects

Filamentous carbon formation temperature effects

Free carbon content temperature

Fuel cell, high-temperature molten salt carbonate

Glassy carbon electrodes room-temperature ionic liquids

Heat treatment temperature carbonates affected

High Temperature Carbon Monoxide Conversion

High Temperature Carbonization Furnace

High-temperature carbon chemistry

High-temperature carbonization

High-temperature reduction , effects carbon monoxide hydrogenation

Hydrogenation temperatures, carbon species

Hydrogenation temperatures, carbon species characterization

Ignition temperature carbon monoxide

Interaction temperature with carbonates

Low Temperature Carbon Monoxide Conversion

Low-temperature carbonization

Low-temperature isotropic carbon

Mesophase pitch carbon fiber heat-treatment temperatures

Molten carbonate fuel cells temperature

Oxidation of carbon monoxide in flames and other high temperature flow systems

Reactive Melt Infiltration of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Ceramic Composites for Ultra-High Temperature Applications

Selective Synthesis of Carbon Nanofibers as Better Catalyst Supports for Low-temperature Fuel Cells

Silicon/carbon high-temperature pyrolysis

Solubility of Carbon Dioxide in Water Various Temperatures and

Solubility of Carbon Dioxide in Water at Various Temperatures and Pressures

South temperature/carbon conversion

Temperature Carbonization Furnace

Temperature and Carbon Conversion Diagram

Temperature carbon adsorption

Temperature carbon dioxide concentrations

Temperature carbon dioxide water solubility

Temperature carbon role

Temperature carbonate dissociation

Temperature carbonate solubility constants

Temperature control, carbon dioxide

Temperature dissolved inorganic Carbon

Temperature distribution Carbonate

Temperature effects very high pressure chemical reactions, carbon

Temperature ethylene-carbon monoxide copolymers

Temperature high, single walled carbon

Temperature lithiated carbons

Temperature of carbonization

Temperature-Entropy Diagram for Carbon onoxide (Fig

Temperature-programmed surface carbon deposits

Temperatures carbonation

Temperatures diamond-like carbon

The effects of elevated carbon dioxide levels on global temperature and other properties

Time-temperature-transformation diagram, iron-carbon

Time-temperature-transformation diagram, iron-carbon alloys

Ultra high temperature ceramics carbon fiber reinforced

Ultra high temperature ceramics carbon matrix composite

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