Cyanoacrylates natural rubber

Elastomeric 1, Natural rubber. 2, Neoprene. 3, Nitrile. 4, Urethane. 5, Styrene-butadiene. Thermoplastic 6, Poly(vinyl acetate). 7, Polyamide. Thermosetting 8, Phenol-formaldehyde. 9, Resorcinol, Phenol-resorcinol/formaldehyde. 10, Epoxy. 11, urea-formaldehyde. Resin 12, Phenolic-poly(vinyl butyral). 13, Polyeser. Other 14, Cyanoacrylate. 15, Solvent. 

Cellulose acetate natural rubber (latex), polyisobutylene rubber, neoprene rubber, polyvinyl acetate, ethylene vinyl acetate, polyacrylate (carboxylic), cyanoacrylate, polyamide (versamid), phenoxy, polyester + isocyanate, nitrile-phenolic, polyurethane, and resorcinol-formaldehyde. 

Types within group Cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose nitrate, polyvinyl acetate, vinyl vinylidene, polyvinyl acetals, polyvinyl alcohol, polyamide, acrylic, phenoxy Cyanoacrylate, polyester, urea formaldehyde, melamine formaldehyde, resorcinol and phenol-resorcinol formaldehyde, epoxy, polyimide, polybenzimidazole, acrylic, acrylate acid diester Natural rubber, reclaimed rubber, bulyl, polyisobutylene, nitrile, styrene-butadiene, polyurethane, polysulfide, silicone, neoprene Epoxy-phenolic, epoxypolysulfide, epoxy-nylon, nitrile-phenolic, neoprene-phenolic, vinyl-phenolic... 

Polychloroprene, nitrile, natural rubber (polyisoprene), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) and butyl are amongst the types of rubber that can be readily bonded with cyanoacrylates. Ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) and fluroelastomers (Viton, registered trade mark of DuPont) can also be bonded, although only with specific grades of cyanoacrylate. Silicone rubber and thermoplastic rubber (Santoprene, registered trade mark of Advanced Elastomer Systems) can be bonded with the aid of a primer. Typical applications and techniques for bonding different grades of rubber are discussed in Section 10.11. 

Cyanoacrylates bond well to nitrile, polychloroprene and natural rubbers and fast bonding times can be achieved with ethyl cyanoacrylates (see also Section 10.1). Mould release agents however, can sometimes affect the adhesion and further practical guidelines are given in Section 10.12. 

As with most elastomers, natural rubber can be readily bonded with cyanoacrylates although in these trials [2] the adhesion achieved with the toughened cyanoacrylates was relatively low (Table 4.7). 

Natural rubber butt joint made with Loctite Polyolefin Primer and Prism 406 cyanoacrylate adhesive. Joint could not be broken by hand. 

Adhesives used to bond acetal homopolymer (Dehin ) to itself and to other materials, such as aluminum, steel, natural rubber, neoprene rubber, and Buna rubber, include polyester with isocyanate-curing agent, rubber-based adhesives, phenohcs, epoxies, modified epoxies, and vinyls. Solvent cementing cannot be used unless the surfaces are specially roughened, because of the high solvent resistance of this material [23]. Other adhesive types sometimes used are resorcinol, vinyl-phenolic, ethylene vinyl acetate, cyanoacrylates, and polyurethane. 

Products obtained by pyrolysis of other polymers is reviewed in Table 4.5. Some specific applications of the chromatography-MS technique to various types of polymers include the following PE [34,35], poly(l-octene) [29], poly(l-decene) [29], poly(l-dodecene) [29], CPE [36], polyolefins [37, 38], acrylic acid-methacrylic acid copolymers [39, 40], polyacrylate [41], nitrile rubber [42], natural rubbers [43, 44], chlorinated natural rubber [45, 46], polychloroprene [47], PVC [48-50], polysilicones [51, 52, 53], polycarbonates [54], styrene-isoprene copolymers [55], substituted olystyrene [56], PP carbonate [57], ethylene-vinyl acetate [58], Nylon 66 [59], polyisopropenyl cyclohexane-a-methyl styrene copolymers [60], cresol-novolac epoxy resins [61], polymeric flame retardants [62], poly(4-N-alkyl styrenes) [63], polyvinyl pyrrolidone [64], polybutyl-cyanoacrylate [65], polysulfides [66], poly(diethyl-2-methacryl-oxy) ethyl phosphate [67, 68], polyetherimide [69], bisphenol-A [70], polybutadiene [71], polyacenaphthalene [72], poly(l-lactide) [73], polyesterimide [74], polyphenylene triazine [75], poly-4-N-vinyl pyridine [76], diglycidylether-bisphenol-A epoxy resins [77], polyvinylidene chloride [78] and poly-p-chloromethyl styrene [79]. 

Durability. Cyanoacrylates suffer from poor heat and moisture durability. This failing is pronounced on metal adherends, but minimal on most plastic or rubber adherends. Poor heat resistance is due to several causes the thermoplastic nature of the polycyanoacrylate, the tendency to retropoly-merize, and the loss of adhesion experienced on heat aging of cyanoacrylate bonds. The poor moisture resistance is due in part to the hydrolytic degradation of the polymer and in part to the loss of adhesion caused by exposure to moisture. 

Adhesives come in several forms and include pressure-sensitive adhesives (which must have characteristics of both a liquid and a solid), mbber-based adhesives (essentially all mbbers can be used with solvent natural mbber based, neoprene based, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) based), hot melt adhesives, and natural produce adhesives. Structural adhesives require high-strength materials and are often used instead of welding or other methods of joining. For example, structural adhesives are used to attach bodywork to automobile chassis in some makes of car. Epoxy-based thermosets, phenolics, polyurethanes, acrylics, cyanoacrylates. 

In similar fashion to the coatings industry, the adhesives industry has made use of the latex technology developed during World War II. Many natural polymers are stiQ used, but almost every new plastic and rubber developed has spawned a counterpart adhesive. The development of the highly advertised super glues based on the cyanoacrylates (see Section 13.4) was atypical in that the materials were used as adhesives first and not adapted from some prior application as plastics or coatings. 

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