Cryptococcus

L-3-metliylvaline 3, 3-dimethyl-2-oxobutyric acid + Asp transaminase Cryptococcus leurentii 197... 

C. krusei C. tropicalis C. mjcoderma Cryptococcus terreus C. neoformans... 

This antimycotic, which was iatroduced for topical use, shows in vitro activity against dermatophytes, species of Candida Jispergillus Coccidioides immitis Histop/asma capsulatum Cryptococcus neoformans and Madure/h species. Petriellidium (Alkscheria) boydii and Phialophora species are less sensitive. 

Flucytosine. Flucytosine (17) or 5-fluorocytosine (4-amino-5-fluoro-2-pyrimidone, 5-FC), C H FN O, is a pyrimidine derivative, that is efficient against Candida albicans Cryptococcus neoformans and Torulopsis glabrata. 

Due to the rapid appearance of resistance, 5FC is only used as a combination partner for the intensive therapy of established severe fungal infections caused by Candida spp., Cryptococcus neoformans and Aspergillus sp. Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and or abdominal pain occur in 6% of the patients. Of greater concern is the potential for bone marrow depression (seen in 5% of the patients, all with elevated 5FC levels). 

Dromer F, Moulignier A et al (1995) Myeloradiculitis due to Cryptococcus curvatus in AIDS. AIDS 9(4) 395-396... 

Emmons C.W. (1955) Saprophytic sources of Cryptococcus neoformans associated with the pigeon. Am J Hygiene, 62, Tll- l i l. 

Mmphy J.W. (1996) Slick ways Cryptococcus neoformans foih host defences, Soc Microbiol News,... 

Amphotericin B is particularly effective against systemic infections caused by C. albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans. It is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is thus usually administered by intravenous injection under strict medical supervision. Amphotericin B methyl ester (Fig. 5.15C) is water-soluble, unlike amphotericin B itself, and can be administered intravenously as a solution. The two forms have equal antifungal activity but higher peak serum levels are obtained with the ester. Although the ester is claimed to be less toxic, neurological effects have been observed. An ascorbate salt has recently been described which is water-soluble, of similar activity and less toxic. 

On the contrary, both crude and water extracts (containing both catechins and proanthocyanidins) obtained from Cocos nucifera L. husk fibre were in-acfive against both the yeasts C. albicans. Cryptococcus neoformans and the filamentous fungus Fonsecaea pedrosoi [62]. 

CSF stain Negative Positive Gram stain (60%-90%) Negative Positive India ink stain (Cryptococcus) Positive acid-fast bacilli stain... 

Cryptococcus neoformans HIV-1 infection tobacco smoking as risk 1.3 II... 

Mycobacterium avium Mycobacterium bovis (BCG) Mycobacterium intracellulare Mycobacterium lepraemurium Mycobacterium smegmatis Salmonella typhimurium Candida albicans Cryptococcus neoformans Leishmania donovani Toxoplasma gondii... 

The second patent describes the use of a microbial mixed culture (Hansenula sydowiorum, Hansenula ciferrii, Hansenula lynferdii, and/or Cryptococcus albidus) in coal desulfurization [160], In this process, the raw mined coal is ground to a particle size smaller than 200 mesh forming a slurry with water, at a solids concentration of less than 40wt%. The bacterial cultures are then inoculated into the feedstock slurry. An incubation step is carried out at a temperature near 25°C and at a pH close to neutral. The highest removal achieved was in the range of 46% S removal. 

Unless otherwise stated, all experiments were done in liquid media and with free biomass Obsolete name for Cryptococcus curvatus bSynomyms of Saccharomyces cerevisiae... 

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