Credibility gaps

Bell IR. 2003. Translating complexity science into empirical tests for homeopathy. In Improving the success of homeopathy 4 Bridging the credibility gap. International conference 3-4 April 2003, London. The Royal London Hemeopathic Hospital, University College London Hospitals, pp 9-15. 

Problems and facts that in the author s personal experience arise in the industrial application of tannin-based adhesives for timber sometimes indicate lack of correspondence with laboratory practice and results. These are often problems related to unusual characteristics of the adhesive itself, or of its application technique, which could not be noticed during research under laboratory conditions, but the existence of which could easily jeopardize successful implementation of laboratory technology into industrial practice. Correcting the credibility gap between research focus and industrial usage is seen as a critical step toward market expansion for these new products. Important considerations are consistency of tannins, extracts and adhesives properties due to the natural raw material variability formulation in cold-setting adhesives and application conditions (such as wood moisture and adhesive-content or pressing time) in particleboard adhesives. These problems have been overcome in use of wattle tannin-based adhesives as shown by a visual comparison of tannin-, phenolic-, and melamine-bonded particleboards exposed to the weather for 15 years and the growing use of tannin-based adhesives in other countries. 

Burroughs, B. and Lubove, S.H. (1986). "Credibility Gap, Some Concerns Fudge Their Safety Records to Cut Insurance Costs," Wall Street Journal, December 2. 

Conduct follow-up interviews in the same general manner as other interviews, hut use a more structured, straight-to-the-point interview style. Initially, the interviewer may use open-ended questions, hut follow-up, closed-ended questions are usually asked sooner than they would he asked during the initial interview. Ensure that witnesses do not believe that the follow-up interview indicates the interviewer doubts their credibility. Focus on the gaps in information and apparent inconsistencies. 

The committee s attention to those limitations and uncertainties is important for two reasons. First, full disclosure of limiting factors gives scientists and the public a fuller understanding of the reliability and credibility of biomonitoring results. It provides risk assessors with information needed to characterize risk conclusions fully, as called for by the National Research Council risk-assessment paradigm (NRC 1983 1994). Second, and equally important, the kinds of uncertainty define data gaps for immediate attention and related long-term research needs. 

For exposure assessors, uncertainty analysis increases transparency and, thereby, the credibility of the process. Consequently, reliance on worst-case assumptions can be reduced and decision support improved. Uncertainty analysis also identifies important data gaps, which can be filled to improve the accuracy of estimation. 

The sufficiency and quality of the data. A risk assessment conducted with studies that completely characterize both the effects and exposure of the stressor has more credibility and support than an assessment that contains data gaps. It is important to state if the data at hand were sufficient to support the findings of the assessment. In addition, data validity (e.g., adherence to protocols, having sufficient replications) is an important facet of the weight-of-evidence analysis. 

This impressive volume fills an important gap in the diversity and inclusion literature by bringing together research and practice. The contributors— from both academia and practice—have the depth of experience, insight, and credibility that make this volume especially valuable for both audiences. ... 

Should you close gaps now or wait for a regulation There is no easy answer. The more credible the recommendation, the more urgent due diligence becomes. The American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (ACOEM) informed NIOSH in June 2011 of its updated guidance on Reproductive... 

For the gap to be filled with technologies that are not in the reference case, two things must come to pass. First, there must be a credible expectation that the emission of carbon to the atmosphere will be limited. This can be accomplished in a number of ways. Most of the alternatives are economically inefficient. That is, they require more resources to be expended than necessary and thereby foreclose more options than necessary. In the analysis presented here, we assume an economically efficient solution, not because we believe it to be the most Ukely outcome, but rather because it is unique. There are many ways to be inefficient. 

The credibility of the research community rests on the degree to which the gaps between the possible and the actual are closed. It has... 

Both decay chains involve a gaseous isotope. Rn-220 in the Th-232 decay chain is short-lived (<1 min) and is unlikely to diffuse from solids Rn-222 in the U-238 decay chain is longer-lived (3.8 d) and diffusion before daughters grow in is more credible. Short-lived daughters after the radon gap will exist for analytical purposes if their radon parents are present. It is noted that Pb-210 at the end of the U-238 chain is long-lived on the time scale of sample analysis (22 y), and will remain after sample collection even if Rn-222 is lost subsequently. 

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