Cotton pellet test

Drugs to be tested should always be administered by the oral route in order to avoid local irritation which may produce non-specific granuloma inhibition (Cygielman and Robson 1963). 

---

A valid criticism of the technique (similar to that mentioned by Lorenz for rat-paw oedema) has recently been made by Gygielman and Robson , who observed that anti-inflammatory activity, determined by the cotton pellet test, of a group of substances derived from liquorice seems to be associated with irritant effects at the site of injection. They proceeded to show that the injection of known irritants such as antimony potassium tartrate and croton oil produces a significant reduction in granulation tissue. Robinson and Robson suggested, in the light of further experiments, that the reason for this is that an anti-inflammatory factor is produced at the site of implantation of the irritant substance. 

Unlike the salicylates, phenylbutazone shows definite activity in various granuloma tests , for example in the cotton-pellet test over a dose range of... 

The naturally occurring anti-inflammatory agent in egg-yolk was later identified as iV-(2-hydroxyethyl)palmitamide , and shown to be identical with a crystalline fraction prepared from arachis oil and soya bean lecithin which is active at 0-3 g/kg in the guinea-pig anaphylactic arthritis test . It is not active, however, in a cotton-pellet test or in a capillary permeability test in rats. When the compound is degraded, anti-allergic activity resides in... 

Unlike the salicylates, phenylbutazone shows definite activity in various granuloma tests , for example in the cotton-pellet test over a dose range of 33-100 mg/kg . The slope of the dose response curve is much less steep than that of the corticosteroids. On the other hand. Winter, Risley and Nuss did not find such a difference. Granuloma resulting from the intraperitoneal injection of silica in rats is inhibited by up to 40 per cent by about 50 mg/kg of phenylbutazone . Trnavsky, Trnavska and Malinsky , on observing the effect of phenylbutazone on the morphology and biochemical components of... 

Anti-implantation effect. Ethanol (50%) extract of the dried leaf, administered intragastrically to hamsters at a dose of 100 mg/kg, was active ° 5 Anti-inflammatory effect. EAM, administrated orally to rats, produced anti-inflammatory activity in the cotton pellet granuloma assay and in the carrageenin-induced pleurisy test. The effect was also produced in the peritoneal capillary permeability test in mice °° . 

Anti-inflammatory activity in the cotton pellet granuloma test (pg/pellet). 

The search for new and effective treatment modalities requires the availability of adequate screening tests. Although no model adequately reflects the events that occur in human arthritic conditions, several in vivo and in vitro assays are used. The most common in vivo animal assays measure the ability of anti-inflammatory drugs to inhibit edema induced in the rat paw by carrageenan (a mucopolysaccharide derived from a sea moss of the Chondrus species), to inhibit adjuvant arthritis in rats induced by Mycobacterium butyricum or M. tuberculosis, to inhibit granuloma formation usually induced by the implantation of a cotton pellet beneath the abdominal skin of rats, or to inhibit erythema of guinea pig skin as a result of exposure to ultraviolet radiation. In vitro techniques include the ability of NSAIDs to stabilize erythrocyte membranes or, more commonly, to inhibit the biosynthesis of prostaglandins, particularly in cultured human synoviocytes and chondrocytes, and monocyte culture fluid stimulated bovine synoviocytes and chondrocytes. 

After the bowstring Is strung.you can test the thing with a variety of ammo. Regular arrows can be used.but the feathers may need to be trimmed to fit the barrel. The best ammo to feed it Is 1/2 steel ball bearings, but you can even use nuts, bolts, marbles, etc. When shooting any kind of round ammo, cotton wadding Is tucked in to hold the pellet In place... 

---