Cost criterion

The first generation sintered magnets were based on the binary alloy SmCo5 and such magnets still account for the bulk of those now manufactured. However, in order to meet certain cost criteria it was soon recognised that it would be to the benefit of all to provide a less expensive type of magnet based on a modofied composition and this was first achieved by partial... 

The next step is to set performance and cost criteria for the system in order to be able to determine whether the new greener design is acceptable. Chelants are often one of the hidden components in a formulation whose value is only found when the system fails. So, what is the cost of batch failure, product spoilage, laundry not being cleaned, reworking in a pulp mill, and so on Also, what is the target cost per dose for the chelant and related chemicals It is important to set acceptable limits on performance - for example, the formulated product needs to be stable for 6 months or show bleach stability >80% over the 30 min wash cycle. 

Filter. A query or set of criteria designed to select a subset of a given set of data or results. Fliters are usually applied to limit the number of hits from a search, or to limit the input to some analysis. Sometimes filters are designed to remove invalid rows of data, to randomly select a subset, or to remove rows based on the values of certain fields. A common application of filtering is in reagent selection, where reactive groups, multi-functional structures, or cost criteria may be applied to the selection of compounds for reactions. A filter can usually be expressed as a SELECT statement in a database search. 

The next decision—selection of an exchanger type—is usually prefigured in arriving at the data provided above. However, it is well to consider alternative candidates for operational and maintenance advantages as well as for first cost. Criteria to be included are... 

The choice of process depends on the importance of health versus cost criteria. Crucial relationships in decision making are... 

Recently there has been evidence of a change of heart In fhe solar community concerning cost criteria. At a meeting of the... 

Performance measurement By personal contact and subjective criteria Increasingly impersonal using technical and/or cost criteria Increasingly impersonal using market criteria (return on investment and market share)... 

Overall, the decision to use hydraulically bound material should be based on cost criteria, design traffic demand, availability of plant and machinery for skilful construction, local experience and absence of suitable unbound materials. 

Then, optimization of preventive maintenance intervals under reliability and cost criteria (R+C) is tackled. The equipment reliabihty and its associated cost are quantified, using analytical models, as functions of parameters obtained in the estimation process together with maintenance intervals in each component as decision variables. Both, equipment reUabHity and cost functions, are considered to be deterministic in the sense that when all necessary input data for the model are specified they provide only one value for every output. That is, following notation introduced in last section, input vector is x = (jS, jj, sa, a, ey) which is transformed by the simulator to the output vector through the mentioned analytical models V(P, r),sx,a,sy) = (C,R) = y. 

This paper presents an analysis of the results obtained in the preventive maintenance interval optimization of a safety related equipment based on rehability and cost criteria and considering that reliability parameters and maintenance effectiveness are random variables which introduce uncertainty in the decision making process. 

In order to avoid this loop scheme that, on one hand, does not imply the optimahty of the final solution and on the other hand may result in a great number of cycles, a linear process is proposed. It consists in providing a description of the physical system from which aU hardware architectures can be deduced indirectly and automatically, thanks to the structural analysis. Then, an optimization problem is obtained by integrating the constraints about the fault tolerant level and the cost criteria. Following this strategy, the designer obtains efficiently the hardware architectures that satisfy the dependabUity constraints with the lowest cost. 

The choice of a specific mixture will affect the quality of the final soap. [For example, short-chain fatty acids are more soluble they yield soaps, which despite giving out more foam are also more irritating for the skin and wear out faster.] A compromise must be found to get a mixture that satisfies the desired performances and cost criteria [3]. 

Concerning safety, there was no better way than to introduce the quantitative risk eoneept and risk/cost criteria. This was a completely new method that was possible beeause the civilian laws and guidelines did not focus on the safety of ammunition and explosives in the military area at that time. The Swiss Explosives Law [1] released (and still releases) the military from its substantive contents but commits the government to issuing its own regulations. 

A multi-objective model is formulated to locate facilities according to the number of customers, number of competitors, and real-estate cost criteria. Each potential site is characterized by its customer, competitor, and land cost indicators. The customer indicator characterizes the number of customers in proximity of the site. The competitors indicator characterizes the number of competitors in the proximity of the site. The land cost indicator represents the land purchasing price in the area the site belongs to. Data gathered according to the aforementioned data gathering process will be used to solve the model. 

The ideal solution, for a hybrid, of passing the complete body-in-white through the entire process, is not really viable. None of the materials meeting acceptable cost criteria will undergo electrocoat conditions without some deterioration in form stability or in the paint finish. However, vinyl ester based SMC is reported as surviving the electrocoat cycle successfully, at least on low-visibility panels. 

It is common knowledge that for time invariant systems and cost criteria and an infinite horizon T —> 00 the resulting optimal control can be formulated as a statie state feedback control law k x) [26], i.e. the optimal control depends only on the eurrent state vector of the plant. In aecordanee with what has been said above, the eontroller nonlinearity is influeneed by (1) the plant dynamics Eq. (18), (2) the region of operation eharacterized by the set of initial eonditions B and (3) the performanee eriterion Eq. (19). 

The processing step involved simply the compression of the exposed layer to rupture the cyliths and developer capsules and squeeze out the contents. The amount of leuco dye released depended on the degree to which the cyliths were hardened. Image dye was then produced from the leuco forms by the action of developers [51]. In the most compact formats of the system, the developer were encapsulated and coated in the same layer as the cyliths. The system did not reach the necessary quaUty/permanence/cost criteria to make it commercially viable in the longer term and so it remains a clever curiosity and unfortunately another imaging blind alley. 

The design space is explored using either an exact or a heuristic search of the assignments, using cost criteria that include area, interconnection, and delay. 

The ranking is based on evaluating the candidate resource bindings with respect to a set of cost criteria. Three cost criteria are supported interconnect. 

The values Wi t, Warea, and w,trial are weight factors corresponding to each cost criterion. The designer can also specify cut-off thresholds for each cost criterion such that a binding with costs exceeding the thresholds will not be considered for synthesis. These three cost criteria are described in detail below. 

Set weights and thresholds for the cost criteria. Weights indicate the relative importance of the cost criteria. Thresholds indicate the limit with respect to a cost criterion. For example, the designer can indicate that (xily conflict-free bindings are sought by specifying a serialization threshold of 0. 

The evaluation of each strategy identifies high-level values for capital cost, O M cost, and payback period. For example, the capital cost criteria identified whether a reduction strategy will initially cost less than 10,000, between 10,000 and 100,000, between 100,001 and 1,000,000, or greater than 1,000,000. 

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