Corrosion food processing

A method that would enable detection and classification of the bone content in 100% of the incoming frozen fish blocks in real time without delaying the production line was desired. An obvious solution to this was the use of X-ray inspection. X-ray inspection however requires the integration of a highly sensitive inspection equipment with the corrosive atmosphere associated with food processing as well as the tough restrictions imposed by the health authorities regarding irradiation of food. 

The most widely used austenitic stainless steel is Type 304, known as 18—8. It has excellent corrosion resistance and, because of its austenitic stmcture, excellent ductihty. It may be deep-drawn or stretch formed. It can be readily welded, but carbide precipitation must be avoided in and near the weld by cooling rapidly enough after welding. Where carbide precipitation presents problems. Types 321, 347, or 304L may be used. The appHcations of Types 304 are wide and varied, including kitchen equipment and utensils, dairy installations, transportation equipment, and oil-, chemical-, paper- (qv), and food-processing (qv) machinery. 

Other Uses. As a biocide, chlorine dioxide is more effective than chlorine over a wider pH range. Chlorine dioxide is also less corrosive and more compatible with some materials of constmction. Chlorine dioxide has a wide variety of small appHcations in drinking water, food processing (qv), cooling towers, and oil recovery. In these areas, chlorite is the preferred source of chlorine dioxide. 

This type of seal has the rotary component and face mounted outside the seal chamber. The springs and drive elements are outside the pumped liquid. This reduces the problems associated with corrosion and the accumulation of pumped product clogging the springs. This seal is popular in the food processing industry. The pumped liquid arrives to the inside diameter of the faces and seals toward the outside diameter. The environment outside the pump approaches the OD of the face union. Pressures are limited to about 35 psig. Sometimes this. seal can be mounted either inside or outside the pump. This seal is easy to install, adjust, and maintain. It permits easy access and cleaning of the pump internal parts, often required in the food processing industry. 

Kato, M., Inoue, T., Goto, K., Ito, G. and Shimizu, Y., Effect of Dissolved Oxidising Agents and Inhibitors on Pitting Corrosion of Aluminium in Water , Aluminium, 49, 289 (1973) Richardson, J. A. and Godwin, A. W., Localised Corrosion of Stainless Steel During Food Processing , Br. Corros. J., 8, 259 (1973)... 

As will have become apparent, nickel and corrosion-resistant nickel alloys have wide ranges of application, particularly in industries where strongly acidic, strongly alkaline or strongly saline environments are encountered. Table 4.29 lists some of the more important applications in those industries where these conditions most frequently arise, i.e. in the chemical, petrochemical, oil and gas, nuclear and conventional power generating, textile, paper, marine, desalination and food processing industries. The list is by no means exhaustive and there are many other applications of a similar nature in these and other industries. The table should, nevertheless, serve... 

Some industries, notably the fine chemicals and parts of the food processing industry, cannot tolerate the pick-up of even small quantities of metal ions in their products. To avoid corrosion, plants often have to incorporate lined pipework and reaction vessels, while in a slightly less demanding situation whole plants are made of an appropriate grade of stainless steel. The capital investment in these industries is thus considerably increased due to the necessity to avoid corrosion. 

Low levels of resistance have been reported for some populations of Indian meal moth, almond moth, and red flour beetle populations in stored peanuts in the southeastern United States (Zettler et al., 1989), but no assessments are available for phosphine resistance in insect populations in mills, warehouses, processing plants, and other structural facilities. Phosphine can be corrosive to metals, particularly copper, electrical wiring, and electronic equipment (Bond et al., 1984), which limits its application in food processing facilities and warehouses. A new formulation of phosphine, in which phosphine gas is combined with carbon dioxide and released from a cylinder, alleviates some but not all of the corrosive effects of phosphine and is labeled for use as a structural treatment. 

Reaction vessels, spark plugs, electrical resistors, electron tubes, corrosion-resistant equipment, ball mills and grinders, food-processing equipment, piping, valves, pumps, and laboratory ware. 

Resistance to H2SO4 and SCC used in manufacture of synthetic rubber, high-octane gasoline, solvents, explosives, plastics, synthetic fibers, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and food processing, not resistant to pitting and crevice corrosion in low pH chloride media... 

Steam Rurity. The usual function of steam purity limits is to protect the turbine from deposition and subsequent corrosion. In systems where the steam is used for chemical processes, the specific process may create additional requirements for steam purity. For instance, in food processing (qv), regulations may limit or prohibit hydrazine in the steam, so ascorbic acid or sodium sulfite must be used as an oxygen scavenger. When steam is sent to processes and returned as condensate, it may be necessary to add pH control agents to the steam to control corrosion at various points in the process and condensate return system. Table 1 gives typical steam purity recommendations for steam turbine protection. The recommendations vary, depending on whether the... 

Plastics are being increasingly used as corrosion-resistant materials for chemical plant construction. They are also widely used in food processing and biochemical plants. They can be divided into two broad classes ... 

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