Corn borer

The insect s choice of food may be governed to a considerable extent, as ours is, by attractants and repellents. In many instances, the actual insecticidal action of plant extractives may be due primarily to an artificially high level of application, while, in fact, the parent plants are only repellent in the field. This repellency may appear to be resistance on the part of the plant, and the chemistry of such resistance factors has begun to receive much-needed attention. For example, Smissman and his coworkers have examined the chemical basis for the inherited resistance of some strains of corn to attack by the European corn borer. 6-Methoxybenzoxazolinone (X) was isolated (2, SO) and shown to be one of the principal resistance factors, and a number of synthetic analogs were found to... 

Resistance to European corn borer, tolerance to the herbicide glyphosate... 

Munkvold, G.P., Hellmich, R.L. and Showers, W.B., Reduced Fusarium ear rot and symptomless infection in kernels of maize genetically engineered for European corn borer resistance. Phytopathology, 87, 1071, 1997. 

Because of their similar life cycles, habits, damage to corn, and apparent resistance to conventional corn rootworm insecticides, we could expect both the PSB and HBV to increase their densities and/or range throughout the Midwest much as the PSB has (9,12). These concerns are evident in the 1985 establishment of a multistate regional research effort entitled "Impact of integrated crop management practices on European corn borer and related stalk boring insects". 

Figure 4.43 Fluorinated analogues of corn borer moth and of eldolide. ...

Localization of peptidal hormones inside RMs was investigated The enzyme isolated from freeze-dried powder of a larvae of corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) was extracted... 

Fig. 1.1. Limonoids isolated from the seeds of Swietenia humilis and their effect on adult emergence of European corn borer following dietary administration at 50 ppm. CON, control T, tenulin (toosendanin Fig. 1.2) n = 30.

Fig. 1.3. Effect of semi-synthetic derivatives of gedunin on European corn borer growth and proposed mechanism of action. Significant effects.

Fig. 1.5. Six of the more than 12 spirocaracolitones isolated from the neotropical tree Ruptiliocarpon caracolito. The effect of spirocaracolitones A-J on European corn borer larval mortality is illustrated when added to diets at 50 ppm.

Fig. 1.8. The interaction between leaf volatiles (V) and -tcrthicnyl (ALPHA-T) of Porophylum ruderale. (a) Synergistic effects on European corn borer growth.

Fig. 1.9. Effects of sesquiterpene lactones on European corn borer, (a) Glutathione levels (b) lipid peroxidation synergistic effects of-terthienyl (c) with sesquiterpene lactones from the Asteraceae on larval mortality. Means followed by the same letter are not significantly different in Tukey s test (P < 0.05).

Ewete, F. K., Arnason, J. T., Larson, J. and Philogene, B. J. R. (1996a). Biological activity of extracts from traditionally used Nigerian plants against the European corn borer. Entomologia Experimentalis etApplicata 80 531-537. 

Ewete, F. K., Nicol, R. W., Hengsawad, V. et al. (1996b). Inseciticdal activity of Aglaia odorata extract and its insecticidal principle rocaglamide to the European corn borer. Journal of Applied Entomology 120 483 488. 

Binder, B. F. and Robbins, J. C. (1996). Age- and density-related oviposition behavior of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera Pyralidae). Journal of Insect Behavior 9 755-769. 

Udayagiri, S. and Jones, R. L. (1992a). Flight behavior of Macrocentrus grandii Goidanich (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), a specialist parasitoid of European corn borer (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) factors influencing response to corn volatiles. 

The existence of two pheromone races of the European corn borer, O. nubilalis, has been considered in the context of the genetic architecture regulating pheromone production and response. These two strains were transported from Europe to new areas (such as North America) by human activity and much of the current sympatry of the two strains in eastern North America and some regions of Europe may have been fostered by both strains shifting to maize as a larval food source. It is uncertain how these strains diverged, but this may have occurred allopatrically as it appears that hybridization in the field in areas of current sympatry is infrequent (Klun and Huettel, 1988 Bengtsson and Lofstedt, 1990). 

Klun, J. A. and Maini, S. (1979). Genetic basis of an insect chemical communication system the European corn borer. Environmental Entomology 8 423 126. 

Lofstedt, C., Hansson, B. S., Roelofs, W. L. and Bengtsson, B. O. (1989b). No linkage between genes controlling female pheromone production and male pheromone response in the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis Hiibner (Lepidoptera Pyralidae). Genetics 123 553-556. 

Roelofs, W. L., Glover, T, Tang, X. H. et al. (1987). Sex pheromone production and perception in European corn borer moths is determined by both autosomal and sex-linked genes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 84 7585-7589. 

Zhao, C., Lofstedt, C. and Xuying, W. (1990). Sex pheromone biosynthesis in the Asian corn borer Ostrinia furnacalis (II) Biosynthesis of ( > and (Z)-12-tetradecenyl acetate involves delta-14 desaturation. Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 15 57-65. 

Pepper Organic Corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) larval Delate et al. 

Bergvinson, D.h, Arnason, J.T., Hamilton, R.I., Mihm, J.A., Jewell, D.C. 1994. Determining leaf toughness and its role in maize resistance to the European corn-borer (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 87 1743-1748. 

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