Borer

When boring rubber stoppers, lubricate the borer well, either with aqueous glycerine or with vaseline. Then clean well and dry before using. 

For the filtration of very small quantities of crystals, the simple apparatus shown in Fig. 46 is often used. It consists of a fine glass rod (sometimes termed a filtration nail ) which is flattened at one end, the flattened surface being preferably roughened. It fits as shown into a small funnel which replaces F (Fig. 45). A circular piece of filter-paper is cut e-g.y with a clean sharp cork-borer) so as to fit completely and snugly over the flat end. After draining, the nail is raised and the filter-paper and crystals are removed with forceps and dried. 

To bore a cork, a borer should be selected which gives a hole only very shghtly smaller than that desired. The cork borer is moistened with water or alcohol or best with glycerine it is convenient to keep a small bottle (ca. 25 ml. capacity) containing glycerine. Fig. 

Rya.nia., The root and stem of the plant yania speciosa family Flacourtiaceae, native to South America, contain from 0.16—0.2% of iasecticidal components, the most important of which is the alkaloid ryanodine [15662-33-9] C25H250 N (8) (mp 219—220°C). This compound is effective as both a contact and a stomach poison. Ryanodine is soluble ia water, methyl alcohol, and most organic solvents but not ia petroleum oils. It is more stable to the action of air and light than pyrethmm or rotenone and has considerable residual action. Ryania has an oral LD q to the rat of 750 mg/kg. The material has shown considerable promise ia the control of the European com borer and codling moth and is used as a wettable powder of ground stems or as a methanohc extract. Ryanodine uncouples the ATP—ADP actomyosia cycle of striated muscle. 

Beauveria bassiana Fungi European com borer (China)... 

Fungi are broadly associated microbial pathogens of insects. Beauveria bassiana is extensively used as a microbial insecticide in China and Eastern Europe, especially for the control of the com borer Ostrinia spp. However, fungi have had no significant development as microbial insecticides in the United States. 

Tree Preservation gypsy moths, caterpillars, borers, leaf miners, mites wounds from pmning or other damage to bark... 

Pests iaclude rats, a severe problem ia some areas, wild animals, nematodes, and a number of iasects. The most severe iasect pests are the various types of borers, ie, the sugarcane borer, Diatrea saccharalis (F.) and the eldana borer, Pldana saccharina which cause damage first by boring iato the cane stalk, then by providing entry poiats for other diseases, and finally by reduciag cane and juice quality. 

Marine borers inhabit saline or brackish waters where they cause serious destmction to untreated wood. The moUusks include the Teredo and Bankia borers among the cmstaceans, the Limnoria borers are the most widespread and destmctive. Preservatives or borer-resistant woods deter marine borers (see Coatmgs, marine). 

The best protection for wood against the attack of decay fungi, insects, or marine borers is obtained by applying preservatives under pressure before installation (61,62). Both oil-type preservatives, such as creosote or petroleum solutions of pentachlorophenol, and waterborne preservatives, such as copper-chrome arsenate and ammoniacal-copper arsenate, are used when wood is to be in direct contact with the ground or in the marine environments. 

Bohrer, m. borer, perforator, gimlet, auger, drill, bit drill (the machine). 

Kork-asbest, m. mountain cork, rock cork, -baum, m. cork tree, -bohrer, m. cork borer, -bohrerscharfcr, m. cork borer sharpener, -dichtung, /. cork packing, -eiche, /. cork oak, cork tree, korken, v.t. cork. 

Rumford decided to try a more controlled experiment. He placed a brass gun barrel in a wooden box containing about nineteen pounds of cold water, and used a team of horses to rotate a blunt steel borer inside the barrel. After 2.5 hours, the water boiled As Rumford described it, It would be difficult to describe the surprise and astonishment expressed on the countenances of the bystanders on seeing so large a quantity of cold water heated, and actually made to boil, without any fire. ... 

Rumford suggested that anything that an isolated body can supply without limitation could not possibly be a material fluid. The only thing that could be communicated in this fashion was motion, in this case the motion of the steel borer that first produced heat in the form of molecular motion of the cannon... 

Resistance to marine organisms. In the case of submarine lines, the coating should not be easily penetrated by marine life, e.g. mussels, borers, barnacles, etc. 

Most wood species are subject to some form of biological attack, a hazard not encountered by most other constructional materials. Fungal decay and attack by termites and other insect borers and marine borers are the main problems. The heartwood of many timber species and the sapwood of most species can be impregnated with wood preservatives to prevent these problems. 

The main hazard to timber is biological attack. In milder climates this is mainly rot due to fungal infections together with insect borers. In hot... 

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