Cooling Household

Today belts are used in automobiles to drive aux-iliaiy devices such as air conditioning, power brakes, power steering, the alternator, and the cooling fluid pump. Belts also can be found in household appliances such as vacuum sweepers, on lathes in machine shops, or inside copying machines. 

The origins of the household appliance industry date back to the early decades of the last century, when simple tasks were transferred to household appliances. For example, in an early washing machine of the thirties, the water inlet and outlet as well as water motion and heating were controlled, while all other functions required were carried out manually. Refrigerators only provided the cooling power or the low temperature. In the forties of the last century, the first vacuum cleaners came on the market. 

A mixture of benzaldehyde la (106 mg, 1 mmol) and 2-aminopyridine 3a (94 mg, 1 mmol) was irradiated in an unmodified household microwave oven for 1 min (at full power of 900 W) in the presence of montmorillonite K-10 clay (50 mg). After addition of benzyl isocyanide 2a (117 mg, 1 mmol), the reaction mixture was further irradiated successively (2 min) at 50% power level for a duration of 1 min followed by a cooling period of 1 min. The resulting product was dissolved in dichlorometliane (2x5 mL) and the clay was filtered off. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the crude product was purified either by crystallization or by passing it through a small bed of silica gel using EtOAc-hexane (1 4, v/v) as eluent to afford 4a. 

A household microwave oven operating at 2450 MHz was used at its full power, 650 W. A neat mixture of benzopyran derivative 1 or 3 (1 mmol) and hydrazine (1.2-3 mmol) in a 10-mL glass beaker was thoroughly mixed for about 5 min, then it was placed in an alumina bath inside the household microwave oven and irradiated. Maximum temperature reached in the alumina after 10 min was about 150 °C. After cooling, methanol (ca. 4 mL) was added to the mixture and the separated solid was filtered off and washed with a small amount of methanol to give the products 2 and 4. 

Wear nitrile gloves, laboratory coat, and eye protection. Work in the fume hood. Dilute the solution of cyanide with water to a concentration not greater than 2%. For each 50 mL of solution, slowly add, while stirring, 5 mL of 10% sodium hydroxide solution, and 60-70 mL of household bleach. Test the solution for continued presence of cyanide as follows. Remove about 1 mL of the solution and place in a test tube. Add 2 drops of a freshly prepared 5% aqueous ferrous sulfate solution. Boil the mixture for 30 seconds, cool to room temperature, and add 2 drops of 1% ferric chloride solution. Acidify the mixture to litmus with 6 M hydrochloric acid (slowly add concentrated acid to an equal volume of cold water). If cyanide is still present, a deep blue precipitate forms. If the test... 

Small Quantities. Wear butyl rubber gloves, laboratory coat, and eye protection. Work in the fume hood. Prepare a dilute (5%) aqueous solution of methylhydrazine by adding slowly to the appropriate volume of water. For each 1 g of methylhydrazine, place 41 mL (about 25% excess) of household laundry bleach (5.25% sodium hypochlorite) into a three-necked, round-bottom flask equipped with a stirrer, thermometer, and dropping funnel. Add the aqueous methylhydrazine dropwise to the stirred hypochlorite solution, monitoring the rate of addition by rise in temperature. The temperature is maintained at 45-50 ,C and addition takes about 1 hour. Continue stirring for 2 hours until the temperature gradually falls to room temperature. The cooled reaction mixture can be washed into the drain.7... 

Potassium Cyanide Solutions. Wear breathing apparatus, eye protection, laboratory coat, and butyl rubber gloves. Instruct others to keep a safe distance. Cover the spill with a 1 1 1 mixture by weight of sodium carbonate or calcium carbonate, clay cat litter (bentonite), and sand. Scoop the mixture into a container and transport to the fume hood. Slowly, and while stirring, add the slurry to a pail containing household bleach (about 70 mL/g of cyanide). Test the solution for the presence of cyanide using the Prussian blue test. To 1 mL of the solution, add 2 drops of a freshly prepared 5% aqueous ferrous sulfate solution. Boil the mixture for at least 60 seconds, cool to room temperature and add 2 drops of 1 % ferric chloride solution. Add 6 M hydrochloric acid (prepared by... 

Numerous articles are made by compression moulding, such as bulb fittings, switches, wall-plugs, crockery, and many other technical and household articles. The process is very economical, since no expensive machines and moulds are required, while cycle times are short (the finished article can be taken from the mould without cooling down). 

Injection Molding Plastic resin, in the form of pellets, is fed into a high temperature chamber where the resin is heated to the point that it becomes a fluid. This fluid is then fed into a mold. As it cools, the plastic takes the form of the mold to create a final shape. This is considered to be a relatively unsophisticated manufacturing process useful for such items as plastic toys and household items. 

Figure 5 shows the effect of the dopant cerium on the spectral power distribution (SPD) of a typical cool-white fluorescent lamp. This dopant has been useful in reducing UV emissions from the emissions of household quartz, halogen, and other lamps, particularly the desktop variety. 

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