Contact angle measurement surface science

Surface tensions of low-energy surfaces like many polymers are often determined from contact angle measurements. A review of the method and its application to polymer science was written by Koberstein [ 107], In equilibrium, the contact angle of a liquid drop on a solid surface is given by the Young equation ... 

A.W. Neumann, R.J. Good, Techniques for Measuring Contact Angles, in Surface and Colloid Science, Vol. 2 (1979), E. Matijevic, Ed., p. 31. (Review contains many technical details relevant for surface tension measurements.)... 

When three different phases make contact with each other, where three surfaces intersect at a triple point, we obtain three contact angles and three interfacial tension values, as can be seen in Figure 3.7. We can obtain contact angle equilibria when we place an immiscible drop on a liquid or solid in air or a vapor phase there are many applications of contact angle measurement in industry and surface science (see Chapter 9). In these conditions, the total excess surface internal energy can be written from Equation (201) so that... 

Morra, M., Occhiello, E., and Garbassi, F. "Knowledge About Polymer Surfaces from Contact-Angle Measurements." Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 9 (1990) 79-116. 

Garbassi and co-workers [15] have the reviewed the subject of polymer surface analysis including surface characterisation techniques using a wide variety of spectroscopies and measurement of contact angles and surface force. Also, studies on surfaces and applications of surface science, including wettability, adhesion, barrier properties, biocompatibility, reduction of friction, and wear resistance, were carried out. 

Cui, NY Upadhyay, DJ Anderson, CA Meenan, BJ Brown, NMD. Surface oxidation of a Melinex 800 PET polymer material modified by an atmospheric dielectric barrier discharge studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and contact angle measurement. Applied Surface Science, 2007,253, 3865-3871. 

Contact Angle Measurements. Contact angles were measured with a TYP-QI-type goniometer (Kyowa Interface Science Co. lli. ) with an environmental chamber under an atmosphere of saturated water veipoT in the range between 15 and 45 C. The volume of the aqueous solution drops used was always 0.5 dL The aqueous solutions used were water for NIPAAm-g-fPTFE and buffer solutions of pH4 and 10 for DMA-g-fPTFE. All reported values are the average of at least 20 measuremoits taken at dififerent locations on the surfaces and have a maximum error of 1 . 

Neumann AW, Good RJ (1979) Techniques of measuring contact angles. Springer, Surface and Colloid Science, pp 31-91... 

A. W. Neumann and R. J. Good, in Techniques of Measuring Contact Angles, Surface and Colloid Science, Vol. II, Experimental Methods, R. J. Good and R. R. Stromberg, ed.. Plenum, New York, 1979. 

Although silicone oils by themselves or hydrophobic particles (e.g., specially treated silica) are effective antifoams, combinations of silicone oils with hydrophobic silica particles are most effective and commonly used. The mechanism of film destruction has been studied with the use of surface and interfacial tensions, measurements, contact angles, oil-spreading rates, and globule-entering characteristics for PDMS-based antifoams in a variety of surfactant solutions.490 A very recent study of the effect of surfactant composition and structure on foam-control performance has been reported.380 The science and technology of silicone antifoams have recently been reviewed.491... 

J. K. Spelt and E. I. Vargha-Butler. "Contact Angle and Liquid Surface Tension Measurements General Procedures and Techniques," in Applied Surface Thermodynamics (A. W. Neumann and J. K. Spelt, eds.). Surfactant Science Series. Vol. 63. Marcel Dekker. New York. 1996. pp.. 379-411. 

R.E. Johnson, R.H. Dettre, Wettability and Contact Angles, in Colloid and Surface Science, E. Matijevlc, Ed., Wiley 2 (1969) 85. (Excellent review basic features, hysteresis, measurements, illustrations.)... 

Methods used to measure interfacial tension are reviewed by Drelich, Fang, and White [ Measurement of Interfacial Tension in Fluid-Fluid Systems, in Encyclopedia of Surface and Colloid Science (Dekker, 2003), pp. 3152-3156]. Also see Megias-Alguacil, Fischer, and Windhab, Chem. Eng. Sci., 61, pp. 1386-1394 (2006). One class of methods derives intertacial tension values from measurement of the shape, contact angle, or volume of a drop suspended in a second liquid. These metho(Js include the pendant drop method (a drop of heavy liquid hangs from a vertically mounted capillary tube immersed... 

The film surfaces were examined using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM, S-45(X) Hitachi Ltd., Japan). Contact angles were measured at room temperature using a contact angle meter (CA-X Kyowa Interface Science Co. Ltd., Japan). Droplets were placed at five positions for each sample and the averaged value was adopted as the contact angle. 

This Young-Dupre equation allows one to determine the work of adhesion from a simple measurement of the contact angle and the liquid surface tension. Much of the experimental work in adhesion science has centered around the relationship of these two parameters. 

Whereas actual measurements of contact angles are usually made in science laboratories, the principles are exploited in the water-break test and in the use of liquids of different surface tensions to assess the printability of polyolefins. 

Surface science. Surface characterization studies included those for base polyurethane segmented block copolymers and base polymer modified by <2 wt% U-P[AB], Surface analytical techniques included tapping mode atomic force microscopy (TM-AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), wetting behavior by dynamic contact angle (DCA) analysis and sessile drop measurements, and attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR). Contact antimicrobial behavior of U-P[AB] containing hydantoin and aikylammonium B side chains was determined by spray-on and sandwich tests previously described in detail elsewhere [11, 22, 38]. 

A.W. Newman, R.J. Good, Techniques of measuring contact angles, in R.J. Good, P.R. Stromberg (Eds.), Surface and colloid science, vol. 11, Plenum Press, New York,... 

By virtue of measuring such droplet-contact angles for droplets of several liquids of different surface energies, the surface energy of the solid may be calculated as shown in the plot (Mittal KL (January 2003) Contact angle, Wettability and adhesion, vol 1-3, VPS International Science Publishers Oss CJ (1994) Interfacial forces in aqueous media., Marcel Dekker, New York ASTM Test D 724-99, 2003). 

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