Construction safety measures

As the large scale commercial use of hydrogen fluoride is now well established, particularly in the petroleum industry, the techniques of the use of large size equipment is well known. Reports are available on various aspects of industrial use. A book has been published with particular reference to paraffin alkylation (Phillips Petroleum Company, 13). Corrosion, instrumentation, materials of construction, safety measures, etc., are included. The following journal articles also contain material of interest on large scale technique (Holmberg and Prange, 17, Frey, 18, Fehr, 19). There are certain features that need to be watched, such as corrosion, embrittlement, etc., but the above references deal with these subjects. Corrosion is not particularly serious in properly constructed equipment except where air enters. 

Semiconductor industry—United States—Safety measures. 2. Integrated circuits—Design and construction—Safety measures. 

Nuclear power plants—Safety measures. 2. Nuclear power plants— Design and construction—Safety measures. I. International Atomic Energy Agency. II. Series. 

Li RYM. (2006). Effectiveness of various construction safety measures in Hong Kong. BSc Thesis, Real Estate and Construction. The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. 

Global Review on Construction Safety Measures 3.2.1 Australia... 

Table 3.1 Construction safety measures monetary spending on 26 construction sites (Hallowell 2010)...

A total of 120 questionnaires were sent by mail to construction companies selected from the Builders Directory in 2006. 28 questionnaires were collected over 2 months. Participants were asked about (1) Total number of accidents of the company over the past year (2) Total number of workers per month on average within the past year (3) Whether they have implemented the 9 construction safety measures (ISAS, OHS AS 18001, SSSPS, PASS, PFSS, TQM bases SMS, BBS, SSC, SE, ST, SP) on site (Li 2006). 

Construction safety measures are designed originally to reduce the chance of accidents on sites. Nevertheless, as different sites have different site characteristics, such as site area and different work groups have their own culture, safety officers need to make adjustment accordingly. When contractors and clients compromise on which type of constmction safety measures, other considerations are also important. 

The second type of monitoring Sis are constructed from tools such as (safety) inspections, and (safety) observational programmes. These tools are numerous, van Steen (van Steen, 1996) amongst others provides an overview of many different technical and human based inspections utilized by different companies in the chemical process industry. The aim of this type of tool is to check the presence and effectiveness of technical and human safety measures. This safe way of working is compared with standards (technical and human) and expert opinion to indicate... 

The Texas Air Control Board was responsible for monitoring emissions of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide during all phases of the Sulphlex construction The measurements indicated that neither gas was present at levels near those which would pose a safety or environmental hazard during any phase of the operation. 

The administration of 131I requires safety measurements to reduce to a minimum the irradiation of medical personnel and to avoid contamination of rooms and relatives of patients. Capsules containing 131I are therefore to be preferred to liquid iodine. At doses above 25 mCi (555 MBq), usually intended only for treatment of patients with thyroid cancer, isolation in a specially constructed room of a service for nuclear medicine is necessary. Waste disposal should also be carefully managed so as to avoid overall contamination (5,6). 

Safety concept description of all safety measures for plant components that exhibit a major hazard potential or represent potential sources of hazards (e.g., extreme operating conditions, special construction materials for corrosive media, formation of explosive mixtures, ecotoxicolgically questionable substances). The details of the basic safety concept can be drawn up later. 

Nearly every book about construction safety starts with the statistics. Accident statistics are often one of the most common ways we talk about safety, and they have already appeared in this book in Chapter 2. In the UK, the Health and Safety Executive provides a complete annual statistical evaluation of the more hazardous industries, of which construction is one, readily available on its website. Often termed lagging indicators, accident statistics have long been one of the most readily available and understandable measures of safety, and are frequently used to make broad assessments of an industry or project s performance. 

The ways in which safety in construction is measured and managed are able to reveal insights into the nature of safety itself within this context. Although approaches to safety management seek to improve and enhance understandings of safety within the workforce on sites, in many cases they simply do not help create a receptive context for such change, and in some cases actually provide a direct challenge. 

Ahmad, K. and Gibb, A. (2004) Towards effective safety performance measurement evaluation of existing techniques and proposals for the future. In S. Rowlinson (ed.). Construction Safety Management Systems, pp. 424-42. Spon Press, London. 

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