Construction risk

Frewer, L.J., Howard, C., Hedderley, D., and Shepherd, R. 1996. What determines trust in information about food-related risks Underlying psychological constructs. Risk Anal. 16, 473-486. 

The D C contract in any project financed on a project finance basis is, invariably, based on a turnkey arrangement, This ensures that a single contractor assumes an undivided responsibility for completion date, final cost and performance of the facility. Liquidated damages are payable by the contractor for delay in completion or shortfall in performance. Such a contract is based on a carefully-written perfoimance specification issued by the project conpany against which the contractor submits a fixed price tender in competition with other contractors. The contract is generally arranged so that the turnkey contractor accepts all the major construction risks. 

Former electricity monopolies traditionally assumed nuclear plant construction risks, which represented less of a burden in a regulated industry. But for nuclear build in liberalized markets the difficulty is twofold nuclear technology is at the stage of industrial relearning in a number of countries with new designs to be tested, and the producers have to support construction and market risks on a very large investment. 

The Finnish Okiluoto III project developed by an existing cooperative of consumers has three main characteristics it is developed in a political environment of consensus it is the benchmark of a consumers consortium project in which consumers share equally project costs and risks and the reactor vendor assumes the construction risk via a turnkey contract. It relies typically on two contractual structures for electricity price risk and construction cost risk - a set of PPAs with the consortium members and a turnkey contract with the vendor. This type of arrangement makes possible a corporate financing approach, in which the cooperation between the borrower (with the backing of the shareholding companies) and the set of PPAs allows for an unusual high gearing ratio of 75/25. 

Reallocation of construction and performance risks to the vendor a turnkey contract The turnkey contract with AREVA allocates the construction risk to the reactor vendor above a cost level which includes unforeseen learning costs ( 3.2 billion, that is, 2,000/kW). As a consequence of the ongoing... 

This case study was used to illustrate how BN models can be used as basis for constructing risk matrices, and how this information may be used further in (multiple criteria) decision making using the ER approach and IDS Multi-Criteria Assessor. 

Dean and Dyball - One of the key contractors who instigated the original Construction Risk in Coastal Engineering project and is now applying best... 

Posford Haskoning - Consultant with extensive experience in the design and site supervision of coastal engineering projects world-wide and was involved in the original Construction Risk in Coastal Engineering project Seacore - Specialist piling contractor applying irmovative techniques to reduce costs and improve safety aspects world-wide... 

Except in the case of construction using caissons or pitching and driving piles in strong currents, the impact of currents on construction risk is generally limited mainly... 

Simm, J.D. and Cruickshank, I.C. (1998). Construction risk in coastal engineering. Thomas Telford, London. 

Raceway pond Less expensive to construct Risk of contamination... 

Construction risks (e.g., potential for changed conditions claims and construction delays)... 

First, a careful descriptive analysis of workplace discourse can contribute to the development of a generalized expert model in many important and complementary ways Because the interview process can affect a subject s beliefs and values, researchers must be particularly careful when they attempt to elicit their lay audience s beliefs and misconceptions. If interviews change a subject s knowledge, then interview results will produce a skewed conception of what audiences need to know to understand risk. When interviewers employ a conversational style, for example, they can introduce new words or ideas, but they can also overlook critical concepts. If the purpose of the interview is to discover people s mental models so that communicators can construct risk messages to affect a wider audience, the interview process must not create misconceptions or reshape the subject s mental model. When researchers employ a variety of methods, they must insure that the different forms of inquiry (questionnaire or interview, for example) do not affect their results. Morgan et al. (2002) note that designing good questions is not easy. ... 

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