Conceptual Ideas

In the case of hit identification, various techniques of library design and compound selection are applied to maximize the likelihood of discovery. The relation- 

---

We present a few basic ideas of structural mechanics that are particularly relevant to the design of telescopes and to the support of related optics. This talk only touches on a very rich and complex held of work. We introduce the ideas of kinematics and kinematic mounts, then review basic elasticity and buckling. Simple and useful mles of thumb relating to structural performance are introduced. Simple conceptual ideas that are the basis of flexures are introduced along with an introduction to the bending of plates. We finish with a few thoughts on thermal issues, and list some interesting material properties. 

The conceptual idea of a theoretical plate can be used in SEC to measure column efficiency and to compare the performance of packed coluians. For column comparisons it is usually measured with small molecules, such as toluene, acetone or benzyl alcohol, which can explore all of the pores of the packing (K jc - 1). Plate counts measured in this way produce HETP values lower than the actual values measured with monodisperse polymers and proteins. The plate count in this case can be expressed by equation (4.40)... 

Disturbance of Phosphorus Biogeochemical Cycle in Agrolandscapes Conceptual ideas behind simulation of P cycling are related to construction of models for freshwater terrestrial ecosystems and a generalized oceanic system and understanding the restrictions of its application. 

Following the conceptual idea introduced by Milliken [68], Takahashi and Glassman [53] have shown, with appropriate assumptions, that, at a fixed temperature, i/c could correlate with the number of C—C bonds in the fuel and that a plot of the log ipc versus number of C—C bonds should give a straight line. This parameter, number of C—C bonds, serves as a measure of both the size of the fuel molecule and the C/H ratio. In pyrolysis, since the activation energies of hydrocarbon fuels vary only slightly, molecular size increases the radical pool size. This increase can be regarded as an increase in the Arrhenius pre-exponential factor for the overall rate coefficient and hence in the pyrolysis and precursor formation rates so that the C/H ratio determines the OH concentration [12]. The 4>c versus C—C bond plot is shown in Fig. 8.14. When these... 

The term smoke pH reflects more of a conceptual idea because the true definition of pH does not necessarily translate clearly to smoke. While many methods used for measuring pH do not determine an accmate value for the smoke s pH and likely provide a biased approximation, broad agreement exists that such measmements often... 

Scheme 5 shows a formal explanation of this conceptual idea for alkanes developed by Wilhams [60] the alcohol is first oxidized into the aldehyde affording a hydride complex. The aldehyde is then condensed with the Wittig reagent to form the unsaturated compound, which becomes hydrogenated by the hydride complex, thus regenerating the catalyst. 

Some Conceptual Ideas on Its Significance for Sediment-Water Interactions... 

This study was conducted to meet three aims to empirically assess and further develop the conceptual ideas of the travel career pattern approach, to further explicate the concept of travel career and establish methods for its measurement and finally, to investigate the cross-cultural applicability of a travel career pattern conceptual scheme through the use of a Korean sample. 

The correct answer is (A). There are two ways to do this one. One solution is more mathematical and involves the use of Equation 17.10, AG = Rl In K. AG can only be negative if In K is a positive value. Any value less than 1 produces a negative natural logarithm, and a value of 1 produces a natural log of 0. Therefore, only when K> 1 can you have a negative AG. The other way to solve this is to use the conceptual idea that a spontaneous reaction will favor the products. Therefore, K is greater than 1 for a spontaneous reaction. 

Sleep and dream science, meanwhile, has only begun to approach molecular biology in terms of either conceptual ideas or methodology This is both because the descriptive task of sleep... 

With these conceptual ideas it is possible to develop simple graphs that give the adiabatic flame temperature of any hydrocarbon fuel in air at any equivalence... 

The Hammett-type relationship for this conceptual idea of distribution is... 

Therefore, the conceptual ideas of kinetic theory rely on the assumption that the mean flow, transport and thermodynamic properties of a collection of gas molecules can be obtained from the knowledge of their masses, number density, and a probabilistic velocity distribution function. The gas is thus described in terms of the distribution function which contains information of the spatial distributions of molecules, as well as about the molecular velocity distribution, in the system under consideration. 

This illustrates the conceptual ideas behind the rational design of new drugs and antibacterial agents. There is a wide range of other crystallographic studies in academic and pharmaceutical industry laboratories around the world. These studies encompass attempts to deal with cancer, viral infection, sleeping sickness, hypertension, inflammation and asthma. A review of this topic has been given by Hoi (1986). 

What conclusions can be drawn from the above considerations First, as we have seen, a constant drift exists of the fundamental, conceptual ideas from mathematics into physics and from physics into chemistry. Secondly, in the development of the ideas of symmetry, theoretical chemistry lags behind theoretical physics by about forty years and, correspondingly, polymerization science lags behind theoretical chemistry by at least another twenty years. Thirdly, it seems useful from the methodological viewpoint to draw an analogy with a certain physical process which from the viewpoint of its inherent relationships including those of symmetry, would completely represent the polymerization process. 

Partial re-equillibration. The conceptual idea of the partial re-equilibration (PR) model introduced by Stute et al. (1995b) is that entrapped air bubbles are initially completely dissolved as in the UA-model, but later a part of the resulting excess is lost by molecular diffusion across the water table (Fig. 5b). Due to the different molecular diffusivities Di, this process leads to a fractionation of the excess air with respect to atmospheric air. Stute et al. (1995b) parameterized the degree of re-equilibration by the remaining fraction of the initial Ne excess and wrote the model equation for the excess components as ... 

To circumvent the problem of high initial excess air, while retaining the concept of diffusive re-equilibration, we propose a model of multi-step partial re-equilibration (MR). The conceptual idea of this new model is that the water table periodically fluctuates, thereby repeating cycles of trapping, dissolution and diffusive loss of air (Fig. 5c). Starting as usual with equilibrated water, the excess air component after the first dissolution-degassing step is given by Equation (22). After the second step, we have... 

A number of valuable conceptual ideas were bom out of Formal Chemisorption Theory. Most of which are now well understood, and have been used to explain the results from quantum chemical analyses of chemisorption on a number of transition metal surfaces. Formal theory, for example, has been used to identify a series of general trends and concepts relevant to the understanding adsorption phenomena on metal surfaces [2]. These include the following ideas ... 

As the field of metal carbonyl cluster chemistry was expanding rapidly many other new classes of clusters joined the fold, in particular, gold phosphine clusters, metal-alkoxide, -thiolate, and -halide clusters of the early transition elements. The theories of bonding in metal clusters rapidly advanced aided by both computational procedures and conceptual ideas. Without a doubt the most significant in the latter... 

Fleming, K. (1994, July) Chemical bonding - what conceptual ideas do students really hold What implications are therefor teachers Paper presented at CONASTA 43, Launceston, Tasmania,. 

The conceptual idea of geostatistics is that spatial variation of any variable Z can be expressed as the sum of three major components (Equation 15.1) (i) a structural component, having a constant mean or trend that is spatially dependent, (ii) a random, but spatially correlated component, and (iii) spatially uncorrelated random noise or residual term (Webster and Oliver, 2001) ... 

---