Composition of plasma

Plasma consists of water, electrolytes, metabolites, nutrients, proteins, and hormones. The water and electrolyte composition of plasma is practically the same as that of ail extracellular fluids. Laboratory determinations of levels of Na, K+, Ca, CL, HC03, PaC02, and of blood pH are important in the management of many patients. 

The lipid compositions of plasma membranes, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi membranes are distinct 26 Cholesterol transport and regulation in the central nervous system is distinct from that of peripheral tissues 26 In adult brain most cholesterol synthesis occurs in astrocytes 26 The astrocytic cholesterol supply to neurons is important for neuronal development and remodeling 27 The structure and roles of membrane microdomains (rafts) in cell membranes are under intensive study but many aspects are still unresolved 28... 

The lipid compositions of plasma membranes, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi membranes are distinct. All... 

Development of methods to determine the real surface composition of plasma facing components and their consequences on sputtering, reflection and chemical reactivity. 

Table 35.5 Variation of Surface Compositions of Plasma Polymers along a 10-m Coated Tubing...

Diet has considerable influence on the composition of plasma. Studies with synthetic diets have shown that day-to-day changes in the amount of protein are reflected within a few days in the composition of the plasma and in the excretion of end products of protein metabolism. 

Constituents in food and drink will affect the composition of plasma. Bran, serotonin, and caffeine are examples of such constituents. 

Aida, K., P.V. Ngan and T. Hibiya. Physiological studies of gonadal maturation of fishes. I. Sexual differences in composition of plasma protein of ayu in relation to gonadal maturation. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish. 39 1107-1115, 1973. 

The use of ESCA to determine the structure and composition of plasma-polymerized fluorocarbons has been discussed in several recent publications (1-fi). 

SURFACE COMPOSITION OF PLASMA-ETCHED AND UNETCHED POP FILMS BEFORE AND AFTER HEAT TREATMENT... 

Marra, D. C., Edelberg, E. A., Nanone, R. L., and Aydil, E. S., Silicon hydride composition of plasma-deposited hydrogenated amorphous and nanocrystalline silicon films and surfaces. 7. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 16, 3199-3210 (1998a). 

B25. Brand, E., Kassell, B., and Saidcl, L. J., Chemical, clinical and immunological studies on the products of human plasma fractionation. III. Aminoacid composition of plasma proteins. J. Clin. Invest. 23, 437-444 (1944). 

Phase compositions of plasma sprayed Zr02 component... 

Cholesterol, which is largely insoluble in aqueous m a, travels through the blood circulation in the form of Upoprotein complexes. The plasma lipoproteins are a family of globular particles that share common structural features. A core of hydrophobic lipid, principally triacylglycerols (triglycerides) and cholesterol esters, is surrounded by a hydrophilic monolayer of phospholipid and protein (the apolipoproteins) [1-3]. Lipid-apolipoprotein interactions, facihtated byi amphi-pathic protein helices that segregate polar from nonpolar surfaces [2,3], provide the mechanism by which cholesterol can circulate in a soluble form. In addition, the apolipoproteins modulate the activities of certain enzymes involved in Upoprotein metabolism and interact with specific cell surface receptors which take up Upopro-teins by receptor-mediated endocytosis. Differences in the Upid and apoUpoprotein compositions of plasma Upoproteins determine their target sites and classification based on buoyant density. 

Though many of these tissue abnormalities remain to be explained, the totality of the abnormalities seen in familial LCAT deficiency provides striking evidence for the importance of the LCAT reaction in plasma lipoprotein metabolism, emd shows how failure to form CE in the plasma can influence the composition and function of tissues. The possibihty that renal glomeruli are particularly sensitive to the composition of plasma lipoproteins clearly deserves to be explored. 

Burghelle-Mayeur, C., Demame, Y., and Merat, P. 1989. Influence of the sex-hnked dwarfind gene (dw) on the lipid composition of plasma, egg yoUc and abdominal fat pad in white leghorn laying hens effect of dietary fat, American Institute of Nutrition, 1361. 

Pageaux, J.F., Joulain, C Fayard, J.M., Lagarde, M. te Laugier, C. (1992). Changes in fatty-acid composition of plasma and oviduct lipids during sexual-maturation of Japanese quail. Upids, 27, 518-25. 

Himmerlich, M. Yanev, V. Opitz, A. Keppler, A. Schaefer, J.A. Krischok, S. 2008. Effects of x-ray radiation on the surface chemical composition of plasma deposited thin fluorocarbon films. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 93(3) 700-706. 

Table 4.5 Relative atomic composition of plasma treated stainless steel and titanium surfaces from XPS [1], Polym Int, reprinted with permission... 

Leaf et al. (22) reported the relation between LCPUFA composition of plasma PC and fetal growth in 22 preterm infants. The levels of n-6 LCPUFA (AA and the sum of 20 3 n-6 and A A) correlated most strongly with weight and head circumference, whereas DHA showed the strongest correlation with length of gestation. 

Rump, P., Mensink, R.P., Kester, A.D., and Hornstra, G. (2001) Essential Fatty Acid Composition of Plasma Phospholipids and Birth Weight A Study in Term Neonates, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 73, 797-806. 

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