Combination with other remediation

The Perox-Pure system is most effective in treating water with contaminant concentrations less than about 500 mg/liter. Removal efficiencies are high for organic compounds with double bonds (e.g., trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, and vinyl chloride) and for aromatic compounds (e.g., phenol, benzene, and toluene). These compounds are easily oxidized. The Perox-Pure system can be used alone or in combination with other remedial technologies, such as air stripping. 

The technology is best suited for cold winter temperatures and must be combined with other remediation technologies for warm weather treatment. Acreage is required for the storage of the man-made snow. 

The liquid from 1 ounce of the root boiled in 1A pints of water simmered down to 1 pint, is taken four times daily in wineglass doses for many forms of skin trouble, noticeably boils, carbuncles and similar eruptions. Obstinate cases of eczema and even psoriasis have been known to yield to these decoctions of Burdock root, either alone or combined with other remedies. 

In combination with other remedies it is made up into cough medicines, and can be of service in pulmonary disorders generally. Skillfully compounded, slight alterative and tonic qualities are noticed. Wineglass doses are taken of a 1 ounce to 1 pint (reduced) decoction. 

Marshmallow, usually in combination with other remedies, is taken internally for coughs, colds and bronchitis. Its diuretic and emollient qualities adapt it to urinary complaints and, as there is no astringent action (indeed, there appears to be some relaxing effect) it is particularly suitable in the treatment of nephritis, cystitis and gravel. 

In flatulence, colic and nausea. Usually combined with other remedies when a complete stomachic is needed. Particularly suitable for children. Dose, wineglassful of ounce to pint infusion. 

Lung complaints, when combined with other remedies. Also in leucorrhea. Powdered root used as poultice for inflammations. 

Scientists are now exploring the use of plants and their associated microorganisms for remediation, which is called phytoremediation. This is a low cost process that is proving effective for a wide variety of contaminants, including petroleum hydrocarbons. It can be used in combination with other remediation technologies and may prove useful in the future for treating oiled soils or wetlands. It takes several years to remediate a site and cleanup is limited to the depth of the soil within reach of the plant s roots. 

Abstract This chapter explores the role of abiotic reactions such as acid catalysis (hydrolysis) as well as the adsorption of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and other fuel oxygenates in environmental issues as the remediation of these substances is notoriously difficult. First of all, these methods are briefly classified with other abiotic technologies. The suitability of hydrolysis and adsorption for the remediation of water contaminated by fuel oxygenates is then discussed in detail, with information being provided about the principle of the reactions, potential catalysts and sorbents, limitations of the reactions, and practical implications. To conclude, the possible application of hydrolysis and adsorption in combination with other remediation techniques is also examined. 

Cyclodextrins have been used for the removal of COC from soils by electrokinetics alone or in combination with other remediation techniques [12, 14, 15, 26]. In general, cyclodextrins are facilitating agents that improve the removal of COC from soil compared to other experiments with unenhanced electrokinetics, but results from cyclodextrin tests are usually less effective than tests with surfactants, iron nanoparticles, or with chemical oxidants. 

The treatment performance data for the 19 completed projects presented in Table 24.9 show that SVE (either alone or in combination with other technologies) has been used to remediate MTBE in groundwater from concentrations >100,000 to <50 pg/L and has achieved MTBE concentration reductions >99%. The median project duration for the 19 completed sites ranged from 3 months to 5 years. 

It can be combined with other technologies (e.g., bioventing and SVE) to enhance site remediation. 

SDP systems require a gaseous feed, but they can be used in combination with another remediation technology, such as a packed-bed reactor, to treat other waste streams. SDP performance and cost are contaminant specific. 

Combines easily with other remediation technologies. 

The torsional motion of biphenyl and related compounds is a typical large amplitude motion. The accumulated knowledge from a series of molecules in this group has led to a fairly good qualitative description of the motion. Unfortunately the quantitative description leaves much to be desired. Taking advantage of the improvements in the electron-diffraction method and applying suitable combinations with other methods, there are reasons to believe that this deficiency should be remedied. 

Coughs, colds and bronchial complaints generally. Hool prefers this herb to the white Horehound Marrubium vulgare), and makes wide claims on its behalf. He recommends it in the treatment of consumption, various menstrual troubles, and parturition—in the last-named instance combined with Motherwort. "In chronic coughs, accompanied by spitting of blood," he tells us, "it will be found most excellent, either of itself or combined with other reliable remedies such as Lobelia, Marshmallow, Hyssop, etc."... 

The majority of AOTs can be applied to the remediation and detoxification of low or medium volumes of waters. Ground, surface, and wastewater can be treated, giving rise to the destruction or transformation of hazardous or refractory pollutants. Point sources of toxic pollutants such as pesticides, heavy metals and others can be treated in small-scale mobile treatment units, easy to install in industrial plants. The methods can be used alone or combined with other AOTs or with conventional methods. The use of modular units allows the selection of the best technology or combination of technologies to treat a specific wastewater. AOTs can also be applied to pollutants in the air and soil, and they may even allow disinfection or sterilization of bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms. 

Acetaminophen, also known as paracetamol in other countries, is available widely without prescription as an analgesic and antipyretic. It is available in various oral dosage forms, including an extended-release preparation. Acetaminophen may be combined with other drugs, such as antihistamines or opioid analgesics, and marketed in cough and cold preparations, menstrual remedies, and allergy products. 

The hypotensive effect of reserpine is used in severe hypertension, nowadays in low doses in combination with other antihypertensives. Its sedative and relaxant effect has been used in the treatment of psychoses. Reserpine was the first useful remedy in the treatment of psychosis and opened up the road for modern psychopharmacotherapy, which has drastically changed the treatment of psychiatric patients. 

At present, bioremediation is receiving a lot of interest as it appears sustainable, low cost, and low energy and therefore meets the needs of a remediation solution that will both benefit the environment directly and also have a relatively low carbon footprint. In practice, it often needs to be combined with other approaches to achieve an effective solution. This requirement is frequently driven by the need to remediate over a short timescale, in the case of ex situ bioremediation, or the need to promote long-term effectiveness under a regime such as monitored natural attenuation or permeable reactive barriers. The engineering of bioremediation to enhance its effectiveness has been studied for the last few decades with considerable success. It has become a mainstream part of the toolbox for contaminated sites. 

As soon as it has been decided to remediate a site, a remediation plan has to be drawn up. The first step is to work out possible remediation options in relation to the basic assumptions. This phase is called the remediation investigation. When assessing the remediation options, it is necessary to consider the technical as well as the environmental and financial aspects. Sometimes, ER is not the sole remediation option in certain cases, it should be combined with other methods in order to maximize the remediation efficiency. 

Documented effects The fruits are used as a diuretic, for swelling due to kidney ailments, to treat kidney stones and are combined with other preparations to treat chronic respiratory disease and as an expectorant. The cedrol fraction, from the essential oil of young branches, together with castor oil is used as a remedy for persistent wounds and ulcers (Minayeva 1991). 

Despite the relatively good results found in literature for soil contaminated with TCE, the removal and elimination of COCs requires enhanced electrokinetic technologies. They comprise the use of solubilizing agents such as cosolvents, surfactants, or cyclodextrins. The other possible alternative for the removal of COCs from soil implies the combination of electrokinetic with other remediation techniques such as chemical and electrochemical oxidation/reduction, permeable reactive barriers, electrolytic barriers, and electric heating. 

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