Ireland Mine coal

The infrared spectra of the coal and the various extracts were recorded on a Baird, Model GY-1 (Ireland Mine vitrain concentrate) and on a Perkin Elmer Model 337 spectrophotometer (Bruceton coal). The samples were prepared by the potassium bromide pellet technique. The high resolution proton NMR spectrum of the benzene soluble extract from Ireland Mine vitrain concentrate was recorded on a Varian A-60 spectrometer in 10% deuterated chloroform (CDCh) solution, using tetrametnylsilane internal standard. 

The extract yields are shown in Table II. More than 90% of the organic coal substance was dissolved in the extraction of Ireland Mine vitrain concentrate and about 85% in the case of Bruceton coal. The yield of the phenanthrene soluble fraction was not determined in the extraction of Ireland Mine coal. In that run the products were worked up with a different procedure, and the phenanthrene soluble and phenanthrene insoluble fractions were not separated. 

The elemental analyses of the products from the extraction of Bruceton coal are shown in Table III. The mineral matter was separated from the extract quite efficiently as shown by the ash content of the extracts and the insoluble residue. The elemental composition of all fractions was quite similar to that of the original coal. Only the hydrogen content varied to some extent, increasing with increased solubility. The elemental analysis of the products from the extraction of Ireland Mine coal was incomplete. 

A mixture of 1 gram benzene insoluble residue from the extraction of Ireland Mine coal ana 10 ml. 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was sealed in a glass vial and heated at 100°C. for 4 days in a thermostat. After cooling to room temperature the vial was opened, the aqueous solution decanted, distilled over, and analyzed for tritium content. The solid residue was filtered, washed thoroughly with distilled water, dried, and analyzed for tritium. 

Ireland Mine coal pretreated with phenanthrene 15 1 15.6-... 

Seam coal from the Ireland Mine used in the previous work. Selected results are given in Table II. The previous work with bituminous coal at these mild conditions was carried out without a hydrocarbon vehicle. These data are reproduced in the last column of Table II. 

More detailed results of two runs, each near the above two optimum temperatures are given in Table IV. Comparison is also given with results obtained wih Ireland Mine coal at the lower temperature. 

Several of these extracts have been analyzed for iron and titanium via the X-ray fluorescence technique. The results for West Virginia (Ireland Mine) hvAb coal, one which has been found to deposit titanium on fixed bed catalysts, are presented in Table HL... 

Table HI. Metals Analysis of Ireland Mine Coal and Its Extracts...

The Pittsburgh Seam (No. 8) Bituminous coal is from the Ireland Mine of the Consolidation Coal Company. 

Ireland Mine hvAb coal was used in the coal pyrolysis studies. The method of heat treatment was essentially that reported by Petrakis and Grandy (8), Ireland Mine coal was also the feed coal used to obtain most of the coal liquefaction products. The coal-derived liquids investigated were centrifuged liquid products (CLP) and their subfractions from selected runs in the Pittsburgh Energy Technology Center s 400-lb coal/day coal liquefaction process development unit (PDU) (9). 

Figure 2. The 9,5-GHz spectra of West Virginia (Ireland Mine) hvAb coal and its pyridine extract...

Figure 7. Variable temperature ESR data for selected coals (V) peat, 61.2% C (w) lignite, 71.2% C (0) Adaville vitrain, 76.3% C. (A) Homestead Kentucky coal, 77.6% (o) Dorrance coal, 92.7% C (k) Ireland Mine Coal, 78.5% C, ( ) Pittsburgh vitrain, 82.6% C ( ) Lower Banner No. 2 vitrain, 86.1% C ( ) Pocohontas No. 3 vitrain, 90.0% C...

ESR g values for West Virginia (Ireland Mine) hvAb coal heat-treated at four different temperatures are shown graphically in Figure 9. The points connected by the dashed lines represent the results of measurements made on neat samples after heat treatment. The general shape of this curve has been established for other coals (8, 15). The point for the sample heat-treated at 450 C falls considerably below the free electron value similar results for other coals have been attributed to the formation of sigma radicals during heat treatment (8). Three experiments were conducted to show that this observed g value was an apparent and not a true value. 

To establish the true relationship between ESR g values and coal heat treatment, samples of Ireland Mine coal diluted with potassium bromide were heat-treated at different temperatures. The results, represented by the open circles in Figure 9, show that the g value is... 

Figure 12. The 9.5 GHz ESR spectral parameters for West Virginia Ireland Mine coal and subfractions of its liquefaction products...

Of the coals to be studied in this project, attention was focused on high volatile bituminous coal. Most of the work was devoted to Pittsburgh No. 8 seam coal from Ireland mine, with some tests on Ohio No. 6 seam coal from Broken Arrow mine and a highly volatile West Virginia No. 5 block coal. Proximate and ultimate analyses of these are given in Table I. Typical run data and product analyses are shown in Table II. 

Coal Source Pittsburgh No.S Ireland Mine Ohio No. 6 Broken Arrow Mine West Virginia No. 5 Block... 

Table I. Typical Analyses of Ireland Mine Coal Fed to Pretreater...

Figure 2 shows typical, smoothed, weight loss-o. -time characteristics obtained using an air-pretreated hvab Pittsburgh coal char from the Ireland mine. These curves are discussed in more detail later. The composition of the coal char, used extensively in the experimental study, is given in Table I. 

Table I. Composition of Air-Pretreated hvab Pittsburgh No. 8 Coal Char (Ireland Mine)...

PH2 = hydrogen partial pressure, atm /r = relative reactivity factor for rapid-rate methane formation dependent on the particular carbonaceous solid (defined as unity for air-pretreated Ireland mine coal char) a = kinetic parameter dependent on gas composition and pressure... 

Figure 3 is a plot of the function M(XR) vs. hydrogen partial pressure, PH2> for tests conducted on the thermobalance with air-pretreated Ireland mine coal char note the good agreement between these data and... 

Table II. Experimental and Calculated Rate Constants for Gasification of Air-Pretreated Ireland Mine Coal Char in Hydrogen...

Values of f0 obtained in this study were based on the definition f0 = 1.0 for a specific batch of air-pretreated Ireland mine coal char. Samples of this coal char obtained from different air-pretreatment tests exhibited... 

Typical plots of M(X) vs. t are given in Figures 8-10 for data obtained with air-pretreated Ireland mine coal char. The slopes of the lines drawn correspond to values of fjor characteristic of each test. 

All experiments used chars supplied by the Institute of Gas Technology. Char A was hydrogen-pretreated Pittsburgh Seam, Ireland Mine bituminous coal. Char B was also prepared from a Pittsburgh Seam, Ireland Mine coal pretreated (about 1 ft3 of oxygen/lb of fresh coal at... 

The GSI (Geological Survey of Ireland) and the ERA (Environmental Protection Agency (of Ireland)) embarked upon creating this inventory in 2006 for those waste facilities associated with closed or abandoned metal, industrial mineral and coal mines. The project was completed in early 2009 and is known as the Historic Mine Site - Inventory and Risk Categorization project or HMS for short. 

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