Climate change/projections Europe

Deque M, Rowell DP, Liithi D, Giorgi E, Christensen JH, Rockel B, Jacob D, Kjellstrom E, de Castro M, van den Hurk B (2007) An intercomparison of regional climate simulations for Europe assessing uncertainties in model projections. Clim Change 81 53-70 doi 10.1007/ S10584-006-9228-X... 

Climate studies conducted within the AT project have compared the skill of RCMs in reproducing observed means and extremes, examined how climate change will affect mean precipitation and mean temperature and examined the estimated future occurrence of extreme precipitation and varied aspects of hydrology for Europe, Spain and the Ebro [35, 36]. 

Community Earth System Models (COSMOS) is a major international project (http //cosmos.enes.org) involving different institutes in Europe, in the US and in Japan, for the development of complex Earth System Models (ESM). Such models are needed to understand large climate variations of the past and to predict future climate changes. 

David Harrison, B. A., M.Sc., Ph.D., is Head of the Global Environmental Practice of NERA Economic Consulting, an international consultancy with offices in Europe, the United States, Australia and Asia. He directs projects in environmental economics and policy, climate change, natural resource damage assessment, energy policy, economic impact assessment, and transportation. Dr Harrison has participated actively for more than twenty-five years in the development of emissions trading... 

Rili.sanen, J. (1998). CMIP2. Subproject Climate Change in Northern Europe Plans and First Results. Proceedings, Coupled Model Interconi-pari.son Project Workshop, Melbourne, Australia, 14-15 October 1998. 

Contrary to the simulationof global climate change, where large scale averages fulfill the needs, the regional-scale projections require a detailed modeling of local factors. One of these factors important for Central Europe is the North Atlantic Current, which is driven hy the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC). 

Climate projections for Central Europe Since the IPCC reports focus on global climate change, other studies had to be used for the assessment of regional-scale climate impacts. Essential insights into this matter have been gained from Mayer (2007), Spekat et al. (2007), PIK (2005), KLIWA (2005a, b), and DMG (2007). 

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