Citrate Syrup

Each 5 mL of syrup for oral administration contains lithium ion 8 mEq (equivalent to amount of lithium in 300 mg of lithium carbonate), alcohol 0.3% v/v. Lithium citrate syrup is a palatable oral dosage form of lithium ion. 

Lithium citrate is prepared in solution from lithium hydroxide and citric acid in a ratio approximately dilithium citrate. 

Charge 112.5 g of micronized lomustine into a pressure-addition vessel. After sealing and evacuation thereof, 10.5 kg of HFA 227 that has been aerated with carbon dioxide and adjusted to a pressure of 4.5 bar (20°C) in another pressure addition vessel in which 312 g of ethanol has 

After reconstitution, each 5 mL of lorabid for oral suspension contains loracarbef equivalent to 100 mg (0.286 mmol) or 200 mg (0.57 mmol) anhydrous loracarbef activity. The suspensions also contain cellulose, FD C red no. 

flavors, methylparaben, propylparaben, simethicone emulsion, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sucrose, and xanthan gum. 

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Five milliliters of lithium citrate syrup contain the equivalent of 8 milliequivalents of Li+. Calculate the equivalent, in terms of milligrams, of lithium carbonate (Li2C03 M.W. = 74) in each 5-mL dose of the syrup. 

Oral piperazine citrate tablets equivalent to 250 mg of the hexahydrate piperazine citrate syrup equivalent to 500 mg of the hexahydrate per 5 mL... 

In an in vitro study, there was no visible precipitate formation when lithium citrate syrup was mixed with risperidone solution (639). 

Park SH, Gill MA, Dopheide JA. Visual compatibility of risperidone solution and lithium citrate syrup. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2003 60(6) 612-3. 

Lithium citrate syrup see index for additional brand names... 

Sodium citrate/potassium citrate/ Polycitra (Willen), Polycitra-LC 1 mEq K, 1 mEq Na/mL equivalent to 2 Syrup (Polycitra) solution (Polycitra-LC) (Both See above... 

If 2 fluidounces of a cough syrup contain 20 gr of sodium citrate, how many milligrams are contained in 5 mL ... 

In the Codex Alimentarius a number of further sequestrants and antioxidant synergists are issued which also pertain to the group of antioxidants. The main representatives of sequestrants are acetates, citrates, tartrates, phosphates, orthophosphates, diphosphates, triphosphates, and polyphosphates, esters of glycerol, sorbitol and sorbitol syrup, gluconates, and 1,4-heptonolactone. Lactates and tartaric acid are considered as antioxidant synergists. The spectrum... 

Syrup 8 mEq lithium (as citrate equivalent to 300 mg lithium carbonate) per 5 mL (Rx) Various... 

Synonym Ammonia Water Amfbnioformaldehyde Ammonium Acetate Ammonium Acid Fluoride Ammonium Amidosulfonate Ammonium Amidosulphate Ammonium Benzoate Ammonium Bicarbonate Ammonium Bichromate Ammonium Bifluoride Ammonium Carbonate Ammonium Chloride Ammonium Citrate Ammonium Citrate, Dibasic Ammonium Decaborate Octahydrate Ammonium Dichromate Ammonium Disulfate-Nickelate (II) Ammonium Ferric Citrate Ammonium Ferric Oxalate Trihydrate Ammonium Ferrous Sulfate Ammonium Fluoride Ammonium Fluosilicate Ammonium Formate Ammonium Gluconate Ammonium Hydrogen Carbonate Ammonium Hydrogen Fluoride Ammonium Hydrogen Sulfide Solution Ammonium Hydroxide Ammonium Hypo Ammonium Hyposulfite Ammonium Iodide Ammonium Iron Sulfate Ammonium Lactate Ammonium Lactate Syrup Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate Ammonium Molybdate Ammonium Muriate Ammonium Nickel Sulfate Ammonium Nitrate Ammonium Nitrate-Urea Solution Ammonium Oleate... 

Once mycelia have been separated via continuous filtration from exhausted production media, citric acid may be recovered by using three different methods, such as direct crystallization upon concentration of the filtered liquor, precipitation as calcium citrate tetrahydrate, or liquid extraction. Since molasses are extremely rich in impurities, direct crystallization cannot be applied unless very refined raw materials, such as sucrose syrups or crystals, are used. The precipitation process (that is based on subsequent addition of sulfuric acid and lime to clarified fermentation broths) is used by the great majority of world citric acid manufacturers, including Archer Daniels Midland Co. (ADM) in the United States. Liquid extraction with mixtures of trilaurylamine, n-octanol, and Cio or Cn isoparaffin was used by Pfizer Inc. in Europe and Bayer Co. (formerly Haarmann Reimer Co., subsidiary of Miles) in the Dayton (OH, USA) and Eikhart (IN, USA) plants only (Moresi and Parente, 1999), even if such plants might have been shut down in 1998. 

Figure 20 shows a schematic of a novel membrane-integrated process for citric acid production from glucose syrups by Yarrowia lypolitica ATCC 20346, based on prolonged fed-batch fermentation carried out in a stirred bioreactor coupled to a MF unit equipped with tubular ceramic membranes, and disodium citrate recovery from MF permeates by ED (Moresi, 1995). 

Diehl himself worked in the furnace room, a one-floor building on the northern end of the grounds. There he prepared mercuric substances, including corrosive sublimate (mercuric chloride) silver nitrate heavy oil of wine (ethereal oil) solution of chlorinated soda (Labarraque s solution) potassium carbonate potassium acetate citrate of iron and quinine, of which immense quantities were in constant requisition various ferric (iron) solutions syrup of squills and a few other items. He concluded with the following summary ... 

Syrupus Quince Citratis (Majendie) [syrup of quinine citrate], one to two drachms. 

Piperazine is usually given as hexahydrate or citrate, phosphate, adipate or tartrate salts as tablets or syrup. The recommended adult dose of piperazine is 50-75 mg/kg with a maximum of 3.5-4.5 g daily given for 1-2 days when almost 100% elimination of A.lumbricoides is obtained. Children under 20 kg receive a maximum of 3 g in single dose [52-56]. 

However, for economy of production, maximum yields of alkaloids, and ease of recovery of the products, certain culture media containing relatively simple nutrient sources are preferred. For example, the media which are useful in the production of the alkaloids include an assimilable source of carbon such as glucose, sucrose, starch, molasses, dex-trins, corn steep solids, corn syrup liquor, sorbitol, mannitol, lactose, and the like. A preferred source of carbon is mannitol. Additionally, the media employed contain a source of assimilable nitrogen such as oatmeal meat extracts, peptones, amino acids and their mixtures, proteins and their hydrolysates, com steep liquor, soybean meal, peanut meal and ammonium salts of organic acids such as the citrate, acetate, malate, oxalate, succinate, tartrate and like salts. 

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