Cingulate

Franklin TR, Acton PD, Maldjian JA, et al Decreased gray matter concentration in the insular, orbitofrontal, cingulate, and temporal cortices of cocaine patients. Biol Psychiatry 51 134-142, 2002... 

Cingulate cortex Septal nuclei Occipital cortex Parietal cortex... 

In that and subsequent studies (Kosofsky 1985 Blue et al. 1988a), a distinct laminar pattern of innervation was found in somatosensory cortex, and a quite different pattern in the cingulate cortex, hippocampus, and dentate gyrus, where there are distinct bands of highly varicose axons. In the primate, the 5-HT innervation of cerebral cortex is denser and more highly differentiated among different architectonic and functional areas (Kosofsky et al. 1984 Morrison et al. 1982 Morrison and Foote 1986 Wilson and Molliver 1986 Wilson et al. 1989). For example, marked differences in the density and distribution of 5-HT axons are found in the macaque on either side of the central sulcus, in primary motor and somatosensory cortex while... 

Kitt, C.A. Walker, L.C. Molliver. M.E. and Price, D.L. Serotoninergic neurites in senile plaques in cingulate cortex of aged nonhuman primate. Synapse 3 12-18, 1989. 

Raphe nuclei A bed of serotonin-containing neurons that extends to the hypothalamus, septum, hippocampus, and cingulate gyrus. 

Telencephalon Cerebral cortex frontal, cingulate, orbital, and insular cortices prefrontal and cingulate cortices... 

Figure 12.1 Extracellular adenosine concentrations in different brain areas, measured with in vivo microdialysis from cats during sleep deprivation (6 h gentle handling) and recovery sleep. Concentrations are given as a percentage of pre-deprivation values. BF, basal forebrain CX, cingulate cortex TH, VA/VL nucleus of thalamus POA, preoptic hypothalamic area DRN, dorsal raphe nucleus PPT, pedunculopontine nucleus. In BF and CX adenosine rises during sleep deprivation, but starts to decline during deprivation in CX, whereas the decline occurs during recovery in the BF. In other areas there is no accumulation during sleep deprivation. Modified from Porkka-Heiskanen et al. (2000).

Gariano, R.F. and Groves, P.M., Burst firing induced in mid-brain dopamine neurons by stimulation of the medial prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices, Brain Res., 462, 194, 1988. 

Anterior cingulate An area of the forebrain rich in cholinergic neurons. 

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