Identification Tests Chloride

Chloride and Sulfate Limit Tests, 757 Chloride Identification Test, 753 Chlorinated Compounds, 817 Chlorine, 99... 

B. Add 200 mg of potassium chloride to 50 mL of the solution or gel obtained in Identification Test A, then reheat, mix well, and cool. A short-textured ( brittle ) gel forms. 

A. Prepare a 1% solution by dissolving 1 g of sample in 99 mL of deionized water. Using a motorized stirrer and a propeller-type stirring blade, stir the mixture for about 2 h. (Save part of this solution for Identification Test B). Draw a small amount of the solution into a wide-bore pipet, and transfer it into a solution of 10% calcium chloride. A tough, wormlike gel forms instantly. 

B. Add 0.5 g of sodium chloride to the 1% deionized water solution prepared for Identification Test A, heat the solution to 80°, stirring constantly, and hold the temperature at 80° for 1 min. Stop heating and stirring the solution, and allow it to cool to room temperature. A firm gel forms. 

Aluminum Identification Test, 753 Aluminum Magnesium Silicate, 41 Aluminum Potassium Sulfate, 21 Aluminum Sodium Sulfate, 21 Aluminum Sulfate, 22 Ambrette Seed Liquid, 23 Ambrette Seed Oil, 23, 596 Aminoacetic Acid, 186 A-[4-[[(2-Amino-l,4-dihydro-4-oxo-6-pteridinyl)methyl] amino] benzoyl] -l-glutamic Acid, 157 3 - Amino-7-dimethylamino-2-methylphenazine Chloride, 861 L-2-Aminoglutaramic Acid, 175 L-2-Amino-5-guanidinovaleric Acid, 32, (S3)5... 

Bis-di(carboxymethyl)aminomethyl-o-cresolsulfonphthalein, 861 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenazathionium Chloride, 860 Bismuth Nitrate TS, 850 Bisulfite Identification Test, 753 Bitter Almond Oil Free from Prussic Acid, 19... 

Calcium Gluconate, 60 Calcium Glycerophosphate, 60 Calcium Hydroxide, 61 Calcium Hydroxide TS, 850 Calcium Hydroxyapatite, 69, (Sl)10 Calcium Identification Test, 753 Calcium Iodate, 62 Calcium Lactate, 62 Calcium Lactobionate, 63 Calcium Lignosulfonate, (S 1)7 Calcium Oxide, 64 Calcium Pantothenate, 64 D-Calcium Pantothenate, 64 Calcium Pantothenate, Calcium Chloride Double Salt, 66 Calcium Pantothenate, Racemic, 65 Calcium Peroxide, 67 Calcium Phosphate, Dibasic, 67, (Sl)8 Calcium Phosphate, Monobasic, 68,... 

A simple identification test is ordinarily required for parenteral pharmaceuticals. The identification test is typically a color development test performed by mixing the test product with a chemical reagent to produce a characteristic color. For example, phenolic compounds react with ferric chloride to produce an intense dark color. Sometimes when there is no unique color reaction test... 

The counterion for imiprimine hydrochloride, chloride, is identified as part of the active ingredient. To carry out the test, the sample powder is dissolved in alcohol, and 2 N nitric acid is added along with 3 drops of a silver nitrate test solution. A white precipitate of silver chloride is formed, which dissolves upon addition of ammonium hydroxide, confirming the presence of the chloride ion. As chloride identification is used for the testing of the drug substance, it is not required for the formulated product. 

The limit test for chlorides is based on the same chemistry as the identification test for chlorides, 3.16. Chlorides. The opalescence given by precipitation of the chloride present in the substance to be examined with silver is compared to the opalescence given in a similar precipitation of a chloride standard of known concentrahon. 

The selectivity of the test is quite limited, even compared to the specificity seen in the identification test for chlorides. In the identification three criteria have to be fulfilled to qualify for a positive reaction. The unknown should give a white (curdled) precipitate formed upon addition of silver nitrate, which is insoluble in dilute nitric acid but redissolves in ammonia. In the limit test 2.4.4. Chlorides any substance capable of giving a white or weakly colored precipitate in dilute nitric acid will give a response like chloride, and this should be remembered in case of an xmexpected result. For the sake of example the following ions and substances are capable of giving a false positive reaction bromide, iodide, bromate, iodate, sulfite, chlorate, oxalate, and benzoate. In addition to this a variety of more complex organic substances are likely to precipitate, for example, alkaloids. 

The identification tests of amodiaquine hydrochloride based on comparison of infrared and ultraviolet absorption spectra, and reactions of chloride are reported in USP (10). 

Since chlorine is a structural element in relatively few minerals and rocks, the establishment of its presence or absence may be decisive in identification tests. The procedure given on page 546 for detecting traces of chlorine in fine chemicals can be employed here. The basis of the test is the production of free chlorine from chlorides on warming with chromic-sulfuric acid mixture, followed by exposure of the vapors to the yellow paper that has been impregnated with 4,4 -bis-dimethylaminothiobenzophenone. The paper turns blue if the test is positive. Since the color reaction responds to 0.2 y chlorine, fractions of 1 mg suffice for the detection of chlorine in minerals and rocks. This is shown in Table 5. 

When a solution is tested, both analyte and solvent absorption bands will be present in the spectrum, and identification, if that is the purpose of the experiment, is hindered. Some solvents have rather simple IR spectra and are thus considered more desirable as solvents for qualitative analysis. Examples are carbon tetrachloride (CC14, only C-Cl bonds), choloroform (CHC13), and methylene chloride (CH2C12). The infrared spectra of carbon tetrachloride and methylene chloride are shown in Figure 8.21. There is a problem with toxicity with these solvents, however. For quantitative analysis, such absorption band interference is less of a problem because one needs only to have a single absorption band of the analyte isolated from the other bands. This one band can be the source of the data for the standard curve since the peak absorption increases with increasing concentration (see Section 8.11 and Experiment 25). See Workplace Scene 8.2. 

An ordinary balance would suffice because this solution is used only for a qualitative test—the identification of chloride in the rinsings. 

Geertz W, Dyer K, Johnson D, et al. 1974. Polyvinyl chloride biomedical products Toxicity testing and identification of additives. Trans Am Soc Artif Int Organs 42-46. 

Transfer the soln to a vol flask, take an aliquot and test it colorimetrically Note If additional identification is desired, det nitrogen content by titanous chloride... 

Carboxylic acids often have been identified by means of paper chromatography Clarke and Bazill (10) have extracted plasticizers from polyvinyl chloride first with ether and then with methanol. Subsequently the extracts were saponified with alcoholic potassium hydroxide, and the precipitated potassium salts were isolated and converted into free acids. These, in alcoholic solution, were then applied to paper and chromatographed ascendingly with a mixture of butanol, pyridine, water, and ammonia the migration period was about six hours. A number of additional color tests facilitated identification of unknown acids. 

Refs l)K.Van Keuren, "A Procedure for Chemical Analysis of Composition A-3 , NAVORD Report 1781, US Naval Ordnance Laboratory, White Oak, Md. (1951) la)S.M. Kaye, PATR 1936 (1953) (Nonaqueous titration method for detn of RDX content in Comp A-3) 2)Anon, Military Explosives , TM 9-1910 (1955), 271 (Identification of Composition A-3) 3)Purchase Description X-PA-PD-940 (1956) (Karl Fischer moisture detn) 4)Federal Test Method Std No 141 (1958), Method 4082 (Karl Fischer moisture detn) 4a)C.C.Jamison, "Determination of Nitrogenous Coumpounds of Ordnance Interest by Chromous Chloride Reduction , PicArsn, FRL TechMemo ACS-3-60 (I960) 5)U.S. 

Cyclotrimethylenetrinitrosainine (R-Salt), Analytical Procedures No information is available as to the detection, identification or analysis of R-Salt either alone or in the presence of other expls. However, it is believed that R-Salt can be detected qualitatively by the. tests for N-nitros-amines given by Feigl (Ref 1) and quantitatively by the chromous chloride method given by Jamison (Ref 2) and Gutmacher e.t al (Ref 3)... 

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