Egg, chicken

Proteins. A chiral stationary phase with immobilized a -acid glycoprotein on silica beads was introduced by Hermansson in 1983 [18, 19]. Several other proteins such as chicken egg albumin (ovalbumin), human serum albumin, and cellohy-drolase were also used later for the preparation of commercial CSPs. Their selectivity is believed to occur as a result of excess of dispersive forces acting on the more retained enantiomer [17]. These separation media often exhibit only modest loading capacity. 

Figure 12.9 MALDI-TOF mass spectrum of chicken egg-white lysozyme. The peak at 14,307.7578 daltons (amu) is due to the monoprotonated protein, M+H+, and that at 28,614.2188 daltons is due to an impurity formed by dimerization of the protein. Other peaks are various protonated species, M+H rH ...

Platonow, N.S. and Reinhart, B.S. (1973). Effects of polychlorinated biphenyls (Aroclor 1254) on chicken egg-production, fertility and hatchability. Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine—Revue Canadienne De Medecine Comparee 37, 341-346. 

Fertile chicken eggs, 10-12 days old, have been used as a convenient cell system in which to grow a number of human pathogenic viruses. Figure 3.7 shows that viruses generally have preferences for particular tissues within the embryo. Influenza viruses. 

Because of the possibility that the herbicide alachlor could adulterate food if either poultry or livestock consumed contaminated materials, Lehotay and Miller evaluated three commercial immunoassays in milk and urine samples from a cow dosed with alachlor. They found that milk samples needed to be diluted with appropriate solvents (1 2, v/v) to eliminate the matrix effect. One assay kit (selected based on cost) was also evaluated for use with eggs and liver samples from chickens. Egg and liver samples were blended with acetonitrile, filtered, and diluted with water. Linear calibration curves prepared from fortified egg and liver samples were identical... 

No studies have been conducted with silver and avian or mammalian wildlife, and it is unreasonable to extrapolate the results of limited testing with domestic poultry and livestock to wildlife to establish criteria or administratively enforced standards. Research on silver and avian and terrestrial wildlife merits the highest priority in this subject area. No silver criteria are available for the protection of avian and mammalian health, and all criteria now proposed are predicated on human health (Table 7.8). As judged by the results of controlled studies with poultry and small laboratory mammals, safe concentrations of silver ion were less than 250 pg/L in drinking water of mammals, less than 100 mg/L in drinking water of poultry, less than 6 mg/kg in diets of mammals, less than 10 mg/kg in copper-deficient diets of poultry, less than 200 mg/kg in copper-adequate diets of poultry, and less than 1.8 mg/kg in chicken eggs. The proposed short-term (10-day) allowable limit of 1142 pg Ag/L in drinking water for human health protection (Table 7.8) should... 

Other attempts have been made to detect BPA at a low concentration range. Thus Kodaira et al. [274] analyzed BPA in urine samples with an assay that showed a working range between 0.5 and 5 pg L The assay was validated by HPLC. DeMeulenaer et al. [275] developed an indirect competitive ELISA using PAbs obtained from chicken egg yolk, but the assay achieved an IC50 value of only 570 pg L-1. 

Why do chicken eggs have thinner shells in the summer ... 

The AB + C case is illustrated by the works of Kabanov et al. [296], who investigated mixtures of PEO-PMANa with P4VPQ, of Gohy et al. on the pH-dependent complexation of P2VP-PEO with PSS [297,298], and of Kataoka and coworkers on PEO-PAspA/chicken egg white lysozyme mixtures [299, 300]. In all these studies, the resulting micelles contained an IPEC core and a PEO corona. 

Another approach that has been proposed under the category of inflammation assays [though it has been suggested (Lawrence, 1987) that the assay measures necrosis rather than the true inflammation] is the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) test and its modifications (Leighton et al., 1983 Leupke, 1985 Kong et al, 1987 Bagley et al., 1989). Basically the assay scores alterations (vascularity, necrosis, etc.) in the chorioallantoic membrane of chicken eggs upon exposure to... 

Avidin was first isolated from chicken egg white by Esmond Emerson Snell (1914-2003). This tetrameric protein contains four identical subunits (homotetramer) each of which can bind to biotin (Vitamin B7, vitamin H) with a high degree of affinity and specificity. When these two molecules are in the same solution, they will bind with such high affinity that the binding is essentially irreversible. No matter how many times you wash them, they will not let go of each other. 

Avidin-biotin complex (ABC) is based on the high affinity that streptavidin (from Streptomyces avidinii) and avidin (from chicken egg) have for biotin. Biotin is a naturally occurring vitamin. One mole avidin will bind four moles biotin. ABC method affords a several-fold higher antigen detectability than those achieved in the standard indirect method. 

Monascus colorants have been consumed for hundreds of years and are believed to be safe for human consumption. Tests with a series of microorganisms have demonstrated no mutagenicity. No toxicity was observed in rodents or in fertile chicken eggs. The yellow pigments have an LD50 for mice of 132mg/20g. No ADI is available.11 There has been some concern that some of the strains produced antibiotics which is obviously undesirable for a food colorant, but it is possible to choose strains of Monascus which do not produce antibiotics. 

Fig. 16. Separation of cytochrome c (1), myoglobin (2), and chicken egg albumin (3) by re-versed-phase chromatography on a monolithic poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) column at flow rates of a 5 ml/min b 25 ml/min. (Reprinted with permission from [53]. Copyright 1996 American Chemical Society). Conditions column 50 mmx8 mm i.d., mobile phase linear gradient from 20 to 60% acetonitrile in water... 

Fig. 17. Rapid reversed-phase separation of proteins at a flow-rate of 10 ml/min (Reprinted with permission from [127]. Copyright 1999 Elsevier). Conditions Column, 50x4.6 mm i.d. poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) monolith,mobile phase gradient 42% to 90% acetonitrile in water with 0.15% trifluoroacetic acid in 0.35 min, UV detection at 280 nm. Peaks ribonucle-ase (1), cytochrome c (2), bovine serum albumin (3), carbonic anhydrase (4), chicken egg albumin (5)...

Sugita-Konishi, Y., Sakanaka, S., Sasaki, K., Juneja, L., Noda, T., and Amano, F. (2002). Inhibition of bacterial adhesion and salmonella infection in BALE/c Mice by sialyloligo-saccharides and their derivatives from chicken egg yoUc. /. Agric. Food Chem. 50, 3607-3613. 

Fertilized chicken eggs have been used for more than 50 years to produce vaccines. Flowever, this method is slow also, some virus may be deadly to the chicken embryos and hence kill off the production machine. Cell-based production is now used as it is more efficient and amenable to better control. 

Chicken egg PFOS, PFHxS, PFBS, Ion-pairing liquid Betasil CIS column 2 mM ammonium LC-(QqQ)- LOQ O.Ol-O.OS ng/g [159] O... 

Avidin is a glycoprotein which was initially extracted from chicken egg white and which exhibits four deep binding pockets for biotin. Streptavidin is an analogous protein with a molecular weight of about 70 kD which is prepared from the recombinant bacteria strain Streptomyces avidinii and which... 

Dichlorobenzene can also get into your body if you drink water that contains this chemical or if you eat certain foods that contain 1,4-di chlorobenzene, such as meat, chicken, eggs, or fish. Most of the 1,4-di chlorobenzene that enters your body from food and water will get into your bloodstream. It is not known if 1,4-di chlorobenzene can enter your body through the skin if you touch products that contain it. 

In a similar study, chicken eggs were injected with emetine dihydrochloride (20-25 mg) and placed along three transects, 0.7 to 1.0 km long. Raccoons, opossums, Didelphis virginiana, and striped skunks consumed 75% less treated eggs than untreated controls if the animals were first conditioned and untreated eggs... 

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