Problem, chicken or egg

As indicated in Table I, most properties of polyamide derivatives of BA, nylons 13, and 13/13, are predictable from properties of commercial engineering plastics such as nylon-11 and nylon-6/10 -- the BA based nylons are have lower moduli and most physical properties are unexceptional.[9,10] However, the BA based nylons have one exceptional property -- their very low capacity to absorb moisture. This property suggests that these materials may be less affected by water plasticization than other nylons, and it has attracted interest in developing BA-based nylons commercially. Development has been impeded by the fact that BA is not produced on a sufficient scale to make it cost-competitive, and apparently the attractive markets are not large enough to justify investment in development of BA processes, creating a chicken-or-egg" problem. 

The "chicken or egg" problem writ large why a hydrogen fuel... 

The Chicken or Egg" Problem Writ Large Why a Hydrogen Fuel Cell Focus Is Premature... 

Results can either be expressed as a relative volume loss with the abradant normalized relative to a standard rubber or as an abrasion index relative to a standard rubber. The former is the original German approach and the latter is that approach favoured by, for example, British standards. Two standard rubbers are specified which originate from the German and British standards. This is a fine example of the chicken and egg problem of standard rubber and abradant. To understand the situation it must be appreciated that an accurately specified standard abradant has been available in Germany for many years, but the rubber used to check it has a formulation of no relevance to real products and is very difficult to reproduce in laboratories other than that of its origin. The British standard rubber is based on a tire tread and, hence, has practical relevance. 

Is the chicken-and-egg problem solvable, or will we need this technology to achieve significant market penetration of fuel cell vehicles before we build the hydrogen infrastructure ... 

It is not just Iceland s renewable energy base that makes it an ideal laboratory for this experiment. Iceland is practically a city-state, with about 62 percent of the population living in or around the capital city, Reykjavik.21 A hydrogen infrastructure on this remarkable little island can be established at relatively low cost—a few fueling stations in Reykjavik and on the roads around the island could easily serve most of the needs of the population. So the chicken-and-egg problem is far less daunting here. For example, on... 

Most analyses of the hydrogen transition rest on what is referred to in this literature (for example, NRC, 2008b) as the chicken-and-egg problem (which alludes to the popular puzzle which came flrst the chicken or the egg ). Applied to the hydrogen transition, this is interpreted to mean that... 

Additionally, it has to be mentioned that there are a lot of unproven claims for each process, which creates some anomalies for the evaluation and therefore can be just an indicative rating. Furthermore, the whole selection for a suitable process is a chicken and egg problem . The less the new processes are chosen, the less information or proof will be available. 

Opening a factory and assembly line for a standardized nuclear power plant is a chicken and egg problem for a potential vendor, in the absence of a large confirmed market. Arrangements are sought that can break this dilemma. One might be a virtual factory whereby fabrication is performed by a consortium of vendors or by subcontractors that already manufacture components similar to those in the power plant design. 

There is also the whole chicken-and-egg issue in respect of mass production and infrastmcture, referred to above, the full dimensions of which are now apparent. It is clear that FCVs will never even approach cost-competitiveness with ICE vehicles without mass production (at least 500000). However, it is not clear how they will achieve this level of sales until the cost (and therefore price) reductions of FCVs have taken place. Nor is it clear either that such sales will take place until the requisite infrastructure to service the vehicles is in place, or who will provide the finance for the huge investment in infrastructure that would be required. Possible policies and strategies that may resolve these difficult transition problems are discussed below. 

KCE on its own offers an alternative to spectroscopic methods KCE-based measurements are based on the dependence of one of the binding parameters (kon, ko , or Kd) on temperature. First, a calibration curve of binding parameter versus temperature is built for an affinity pair of choice, which can, for example, be an aptamer and its protein target. Advantageously, the calibration curve does not need to be built with a CE instrument in question. It can be built with another (verified) CE instrument or with a non-CE technique such as SPR. Second, the same binding parameter is measured in the CE instrument in question and the calibration curve is used to find the temperature inside the capillary. In addition to solving the chicken and the egg problem, the KCE approach also measures an effective temperature in the total volume of the capillary, which is a more relevant value than that measured at the detection point. 

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