Chick pea

Coffee substitutes, which include roasted chicory, chick peas, cereal, fmit, and vegetable products, have been used in all coffee consuming countries. Although consumers in some locations prefer the noncoffee beverages, they are generally used as lower cost beverage sources. Additionally, it is not unusual for consumers in some of the coffee producing countries to blend coffee with noncoffee materials. 

Beans, dry (including broad bean), peas, dry (including chick peas)... 

Hoover, R. and Ratnayake, W. S. (2002). Starch characteristics of black bean, chick pea, lentil, navy bean and pinto bean cultivars grown in Canada. Food Chem. 78, 489-498. 

Coulston, S., Stoddart, D. M., and Crump, D. R. (1993). Use of predator odors to protect chick-peas from predation by laboratory and wild mice. Journal of Chemical Ecology 19, 607-612. 

Kaempferol-3 (3- glucoapioside kaempferol 4, 3,5,7-tetra- hydroxy- flavone Cicer arietinum (chick pea)37... 

Grains Barley, corn (maize), oats, nee, wheat Meal and Fish Beef liver, chicken, eggs, mackerel, salmon, sardines Nuts Almonds, filberts, hazelnuts, groundnuts (peanuts), pecans, walnuts Vegetables Cauliflower, chick-peas, cowpeas, lentils, soybeans... 

Chick peas starch (Plate III, Fig. 22). The granules of this starch are rounded oval in form and are among the smallest of the leguminous starches, the maximum length being about 28-30 ft. A hilum is not frequent, whilst striation is fairly evident. 

Farrell, D.J., Perez-Malondano, R.A. and Mannion, P.F. (1999) Optimum inclusion of field peas, faba beans, chick peas and sweet lupins in poultry diets. II. Broiler experiments. British Poultry Science 40, 674-680. 

The Bowman-Birk type protease inhibitors represent a class of low molecular weight, cysteine-rich proteins found in legume seeds (.10). The major Bowman-Birk inhibitor in soybean seeds is a double-headed protein capable of blocking the activity of both trypsin and chymotrypsin. This protein represents approximately 4% of the total protein in soybean seeds (1J ). In contrast to the soybean trypsin inhibitor (Kunitz), the "double-headed inhibitor (referred to as BB) is typical of protease inhibitors present in a large number of legume seeds for example, peanuts (12) chick peas (33)5 kidney beans (3JO adzuki beans (33) lima beans (16). 

Angelini, R., Manes, F., and Federico, R., 1990, Spatial and functional correlation between diamine-oxidase and peroxidase activities and their dependence upon de-etiolation and wounding in chick pea stems, Planta 182 89n96. 

The seeds cf many other species cf legumes are also eaten. These inclnde the chick pea Cicer arietinum, lentil Lens escidenta, common pea Pisuni sativuni, broad or faba bean Viciafaba, cow pea Vigna sinensis, common bean P. vulgaris, mung bean Pkaseolus aureus, Lima bean P. lunatus, and scarlet runner bean P. mult lorus. The entire pod of the carob Ceratonia sili-qua can be eaten and is similar to a candy because cf the naturally large concentratim of si ar that it contains. 

The nitrogen sources may be ammonium salts such as citrate, tartrate, malate, succinate, oxalate, acetate and the like amino acids and their mixtures, peptides or proteins, their hydrolysates, meat extracts, hydrosoluble fractions of cereal-like com or wheat corn malt extract, corn steep liquor, soya-bean meal, peanut meal, chick-pea meal, cotton bean meal. 

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