Nobel Prize Chemistry

H. C. Brown (the pioneer of hydroboration chemistry, Nobel Prize, 1979), in contrast, concluded that in solvolysis both 1-exo and 2-endo... 

G. Wittig shared the Chemistry Nobel Prize for his development of the Wittig reaction (Hrst published with G. Geissler in 1953). 

E. J. Corey (Harvard University, 1990 Chemistry Nobel Prize winner)... 

Like many other organic conducting polymers, polyacetylene is electrochemically active, attracting a great deal of interest both from the scientific and the applied point of view. In the year 2000 the chemistry Nobel Prize was granted to A. J. Heeger, H. Shirakawa, and A. G. MacDiarmid for their work on polyacetylene and the nature of conducting polymers. 

Donald J. Cram (1919-2001) was Professor Emeritus at the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry of the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) at the time of the interview. Donald Cram, Jean-Marie Lehn (see, interview in this Volume), and Charles J. Pedersen (1904-1989) received jointly the 1987 chemistry Nobel Prize for their development and use of molecules with structure-specific interactions with high selectivity. I visited Professor Cram and his wife. 

Paul D. Boyer (b. 1918 in Provo, Utah) is Professor Emeritus of the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA). He shared half of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1997 with John Walker (b. 1941), MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, England, for their elucidation of the enzymatic mechanism underlying the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). [The other half of the 1997 chemistry Nobel Prize went to Professor Jens C. Skou (b. 1918) of Aarhus University, Denmark, for the first discovery of an ion-transporting enzyme, Na , IC-ATPase. ]... 

You mentioned the connection between Peter MitchelPs chemiosmotic theory and your work. MitchelPs chemistry Nobel Prize in 1978generated some criticism among chemists that it was far from chemistry. Could you comment on this ... 

Dudley R. Herschbach (b. 1932, in San Jose, California) is Professor of Chemistry at Harvard University. He was awarded the chemistry Nobel Prize in 1986, jointly with Yuan T. Lee of the University of California at Berkeley and John C. Polanyi of the University of Toronto, for their contributions concerning the dynamics of chemical elementary processes. There is an interview in this Volume with John C. Polanyi. 

Werner presented his coordination theory in 1893, and his investigations and thoughts on cobalt compounds were presented in a series of 52 papers authored by him and 75 papers with associates (Table I). The names commonly used for these compounds are complex ions, Werner complexes, coordinated complexes, coordination compounds, or simply complexes. His first lecture on cobalt compounds was probably the one given on Neue Kobaltiake, September 1896, before the Schweizerische Naturforschende Gesellschaft of Zurich. A most important lecture in his life was no doubt his acceptance of the 1913 Chemistry Nobel Prize (4) in... 

The second observation illustrated by these two particular quotes is that some people, past and present, are naturally drawn to chemistry— and some are not. Why the difference Is there a variation in brain cells Is there an undiscovered chemistry gene Maybe. But probably not. A better explanation may be found in the following abbreviated biographies of chemistry Nobel Prize winners and obvious aficionados of chemistry. 

Werner, A. (1866-1919). Introduced concept of coordination theory of valence (complex chemistry). Nobel Prize 1913. 

FeMoCo in nitrogenase Anti-cancer Ru drugs Pd-catalysts 2010 Chemistry Nobel Prize- Ubiquitous toxic environmental pollutant Alloyed with Cu in bronze and with Pb in pewter Thyroid hormones, T3, T4 ... 

Tremendous efforts have been put into the development of well-defined single-site transition metal alkylidenes. Mainly the work of R.H. Grubbs and R.R. Schrock (awarded with the Chemistry Nobel Prize 2(X)5, shared with Y. Chauvin) led to the development of well-defined transition metal alkyhdenes that rapidly outrivaled the traditional initiator systems. These initiators have the advantage of being well-defined compounds and in particular of possessing preformed metal alkylidenes (Fig. 3.23). 

MALDI >300kDa, ESI >100kDa). These inventions triggered the widespread use of MS in pro-teomics (and earned the inventors John Fenn and Koichi Tanaka a shared Chemistry Nobel prize in 2002). There have also been developments in the detector end of the mass spectrometer with time-of-flight (TOP), ion trap, ion cyclotron resonance, and tandem mass spectrometers now available. Also, the exponentially growing amount of sequence information available in databases is helping enormously. 

Hoffmann R (1982) Building bridges between inorganic and organic chemistry, Nobel Prize Lecture. Angew Chem Int Ed 21 711-724... 

Specific rotation of 36,000 , and required 1000 recrystallizations to resolve. Werner won the chemistry Nobel Prize for this work in 1913. 

Tieck, R. R Nolley, Jr., J. R J. Org. Chem., 1972,57,2320. Richard Heck, Ei-ichi Negishi and Akira Suzuki shared the Chemistry Nobel Prize in 2010. 

Scheme 7.16. Some examples of the Suzuki reaction. The process permits creation of carbon-carbon bonds by coupling of alkyl, alkenyl, and aryl halides (I > Br Cl) with organoboron compounds. Akira Suzuki, Ei-ichi Negishi and Richard Heck shared the Chemistry Nobel Prize in 2010.

The first relatively primitive homemade Merrifield machine managed to produce a chain of 125 amino acids in an overall 17% yield, a staggering accomplishment. Merrifield was quite rightly rewarded with the chemistry Nobel prize in 1984. 

Alkene metathesis is a catalytic reaction that has brought revolutions during the last 15 years, not only in catalysis and organic synthesis but also in polymer and material science. This is due to the discovery of the catalytic mechanism based on metal-caibene by Chauvin [1] and of well-defined, efficient catalysts from 1990 based on coordinatively unsaturated alkylidene-metal complexes mainly derivatives of molybdenum by Schrock [2] and of ruthenium (Ru) by Gmbbs [3]. The increasing importance of alkene metathesis and its catalysts by the scientific community has led to the award of 2005 chemistry Nobel Prize to the main pioneers in this field, Chauvin, Gmbbs, and Schrock [1-3]. 

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