Nobel Prize Winners in Chemistry

Ref. 5, Chap. 29, pp. 803-43. See also E. Farber, Nobel Prize Winners in Chemistry 1901 1961, Abelard-Schuman, London, Marie Sklodowska Curie, pp. 45-8. F. C. Wood, Marie Curie, in E. Farber (ed.). Great Chemists, pp. 1263-75. Interscience, New York, 1961. 

The Development of Modern Chemistry. Harper and Row, New York, 1964, xii + 851 pp. including illustrations, Appendixes, (Discovery of the Elements, Discovery of Natural Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactive Decay Series, Nobel Prize Winners in Chemistry, Physics, and Medicine), and Bibliographic Notes. 

Consulting Editor I Foreword by Dr. Kary B. MuIIis Bernice Schacter, Ph.D. I Nobel Prize Winner in Chemistry. 1993... 

Methane is the principal gas found with coal and oil deposits and is a major fuel and chemical used is the petrochemical industry. Slightly less than 20% of the worlds energy needs are supplied by natural gas. The United States get about 30% of its energy needs from natural gas. Methane can be synthesized industrially through several processes such as the Sabatier method, Fischer Tropsch process, and steam reforming. The Sabatier process, named for Frenchman Paul Sabatier (1854—1941), the 1912 Nobel Prize winner in chemistry from France, involves the reaction of carbon dioxide and hydrogen with a nickel or ruthenium metal catalyst C02 + 4H2 —> CH4 + 2H20. 

Paul Sabatier, French chemist. The Nobel Prize winner in Chemistry in 1912 for discovering metal particle... 

Another great modern theorist was Wilhelm Ostwald (1853-1932) of Germany, a Nobel Prize winner in chemistry. Ostwald developed the process for converting ammonia and oxygen to nitric acid. His color system, devised about 1915, had four primaries—red, yellow, sea-green, and blue—and four... 

For his work on coordination chemistry and stereochemistry, Werner became the fourteenth Nobel Prize winner in chemistry and the first Swiss chemist to be so honored. Werner s work is even more remarkable when one realizes that his ideas preceded any real understanding of the nature of covalent bonds by many years. ... 

Henry Taube, the 1983 Nobel Prize winner in chemistry, has studied the mechanisms of oxidation-reduction reactions involving transition metal complexes. In one experiment he and his students studied the following reaction ... 

A 45-year-old Nobel Prize-winner in chemistry has recently been the recipient of a heart transplant. Patient education has included both verbal and written descriptions of the potential cardiovascular effects of pharmacologic agents. Which one of the following drugs is least likely to cause tachycardia in this patient ... 

W. B. Person and W. J. Orville-Thomas, Eds., Sixty Years oj Theoretical Chemistry. A Tribute to Roberts. Mulliken, 1966 Nobel Prize Winner in Chemistry. THEOCHEM, Vol. 28, Elsevier Science Publishers Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 1986. 

The history of ET processes goes back to Arrhenius, 1903 Nobel Prize winner in Chemistry, who established that salts in aqueous solutions exist as positive and negative ions and not as neutral molecules. For example, trivalent Co ions oxidize bivalent Cr ions and form bivalent Co ions and tri valent Cr ions ... 

A few years later, Werner, 1913 Nobel Prize winner in Chemistry, postulated that metal ions in solution are surrounded by a fixed number of neighboring negative ions or neutral molecules, arranged in a certain way, e.g. at the comers of an octahedron if there are six of them ... 

The first time NMR spectra were recorded was in 1945, and two different research groups accomplished this independently (one at Stanford and the other at Harvard). These groups were led by Felix Bloch (Stanford) and Edward Purcell (Harvard), who shared the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physics in recognition of their great discovery. See the list of Nobel Prize winners in Chemistry in the back of this book. 

The problem of solving traffic congestion as if it were a chemical system has been worked on by Ilya Prigogine, the 1977 Nobel Prize winner in chemistry. 

The newly added list of Nobel Prize winners in chemistry is complete to 2005. Each entry includes the award citation as well as the nationality and dates of birth and death of the winners. 

C2. F. N. Magill, ed.. The Nobel Prize Winners in Chemistry, Salem Press, Pasadena, CA, 1990. 

Melvin Calvin, Nobel Prize winner in Chemistry in 1961 for his work on the mechanism of photosynthesis, has been one of the principal workers in the search for plants which produce more suitable hydrocarbons, e.g., a latex with a mol. wt. of 2,000 Da which can be used as a substitute for oil. One plant he has studied. Euphorbia (E. lathyris) yields, on semiarid land, an emulsion which can be converted into oil at about 15 bbl/acre. Another tree. Copaiba, from the Amazon Basin, produces oil (not an aqueous emulsion) directly from a hole drilled in the tmnk about 1 m from the ground. The yield is approximately 25 F in 2-3 h every 6 months. This oil is a Cis terpene (tri-isoprene) which has been used in a diesel truck (directly from tree to tank) without processing. 

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