Chemical properties, inorganic others

Since surface functionalities are unlikely to behave exactly as those in simple organic compoimds, the surface chemistry of carbon materials is much more complex (thought at the same time more versatile) than the surface chemical properties of other inorganic solids. Due to this complexity, the carbon surface should be considered as a unique whole entity rather than as a sum of individual functional groups, and caution must be exercised in the interpretation of the results obtained, as already pointed out by Puri [39]. 

Table 3.12 Physical and Chemical Properties of Other Inorganic Whiskers...

Chemical Properties. In addition to the reactions Hsted in Table 3, boron trifluoride reacts with alkali or alkaline-earth metal oxides, as well as other inorganic alkaline materials, at 450°C to yield the trimer trifluoroboroxine [13703-95-2] (BOF), MBF, and MF (29) where M is a univalent metal ion. The trimer is stable below — 135°C but disproportionates to B2O2 and BF at higher temperatures (30). 

Chemical Properties. A combination of excellent chemical and mechanical properties at elevated temperatures result in high performance service in the chemical processing industry. Teflon PEA resins have been exposed to a variety of organic and inorganic compounds commonly encountered in chemical service (26). They are not attacked by inorganic acids, bases, halogens, metal salt solutions, organic acids, and anhydrides. Aromatic and ahphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, ethers, amines, esters, chlorinated compounds, and other polymer solvents have Httle effect. However, like other perfluorinated polymers,they react with alkah metals and elemental fluorine. 

Influence of U colloidal transport in organic-poor surface waters has been far less studied. Riotte et al. (2003) reported U losses from 0 to 70% during ultrafiltration experiments for surface waters of Mount Cameroon without nearly any DOC. Even in the low concentration waters, U can be significantly fractionated from other soluble elements by the occurrence of a colloidal phase, probably inorganic in origin. However, such fractionations are not systematic because of the occurrence of various colloidal phases, characterised by different physical and chemical properties, and hence different sorption and/or complexation capacities (Section 2.1). 

Carbon-based nanocomposite concepts have been successfully developed to limit or reduce these adverse effects and at the same time enhance the electron or ion transport [8]. CNT is an ideal building block in the carbon-inorganic composite/hybrid due to its mechanical, physical, chemical properties as mentioned above. CNTs are apparently superior to other carbonaceous materials such as graphite or amorphous carbon and are more adaptable to the homogeneous dispersion of nanoparticles than other carbonaceous materials [36],... 

Fillers are relatively inert materials that usually add bulk but when well chosen, they can enhance physical and chemical properties. Many natural and synthetic materials are used as fillers today. These include polysaccharides (cellulosics), lignin, carbon-based materials, glass, and other inorganic materials. 

Since the discovery of hexacarbonylvanadium(O) and hexacarbonylvanadate( 1-) by Calderazzo and co-workers in 1959 and 1960, these substances have been key precursors to a variety of vanadium compounds, including inorganic noncarbonyl species, organovanadium complexes," and other vanadium carbonyls. Neutral V(CO)6 is of special interest in that it is the only isolable 17-electron homoleptic metal carbonyl and exhibits fascinating chemical properties that are often reminiscent of iodine and classic pseudohalogens. ... 

Chemical Properties. Zinc oxide is amphoteric it reacts with organic and inorganic acids, and also dissolves in alkalis and ammonia solution to form zincates. It combines readily with acidic gases (e.g., C02, S02, and H2S). It reacts at high temperatures with other oxides to form compounds such as zinc ferrites. 

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