Energy centrifugal

Pressure used in pressure atomisers Centrifugal energy used in rotary atomisers Gaseous energy used in twin-fluid or blast atomisers... 

The complete adiabatic channel potentials are finally obtained by adding a centrifugal energy term Ecent(r). As long as channel maxima are located at comparably large values of r, the quasi-diatomic expression... 

Equation 97 can be solved in the semiclassical approxima- tion. The expression for the radial part of Np Ci ) = P- XNp(P) can be written in a form similar to eq. 81. It is necessary, of course, to take into account the centrifugal energy. 

When b > 0, a barrier can show up in the effective potential, due to the centrifugal energy. In Fig. 4.1.8(a), the total energy is below the centrifugal barrier, whereas... 

A spray dryer consists of a feed tank, a rotary or nozzle atomizer, an air heater, a drying chamber, and a cyclone to separate the powder from the air. A rotary atomizer uses centrifugal energy to form the droplet. Pressure nozzle atomizers feed solution to a nozzle under pressure, which forms the droplet. Two fluid nozzles feed solution separately into a nozzle head, which produces high-speed atomizing air that breaks the solution into tiny droplets. Both the feed solution and the drying air are fed into the drying chamber in a standard cocurrent flow. ... 

For excited Hg( Pj)-Rg species, the Hg spin-orbit energy is greater than both the interatomic electronic interaction at large internuclear separations and the centrifugal energy, which is low for expansion-cooled complexes. Only Hund s case (c) and its correlation to case (a) need be considered in describing the reaction dynamics [182, 183]. 

Eq. (18) can be transformed to a simpler form where the centrifugal energy separates out from other kinetic terms. The resulting Hamiltonian has the following form ... 

Continuous Disk Centrifuge (Petrides, D., MIT, personal comm., 1988) Throughput 3,000 Iph for a 233,300 m area equivalent disk centrifuge. Energy 40 kW per centrifuge Capital cost 300,000 (Erickson, R., Alfa Laval, pers. comm., 1989) Labor 3 man-hrs/shift at 20/hr Maintenance 5% of capital Installation costs 70% of Purchased Price Indirect costs 30% of Purchased Price... 

Figure 5. Lowest six stable eigenvalues from a 34-configuration stabilization calculation for i == 10 as a function of orientation angle Stability of each eigenvalue was determined at the orientation y where the sum of the potential plus centrifugal energy minimizes. The eigenvalues were then determined as a function of y using single scale factor calculations.

In Fig. 3.4a, the energy curves for attractive potential-energy are presented along with an arbitrarily defined centrifugal energy curve. In Fig. 3.4b, the effective potential-energy curve, given by... 

Figure 7.12 Predissociation by rotation. The J 0 potential is obtained by adding the centrifugal energy, fi2 J(J + l)/2fj,R2, to the J — 0 potential.

Since, at any iZ-value, the centrifugal energy is identical for all potential curves, Rc does not change with J. Consequently, the J-dependent energy of the curve crossing is given by... 

Rotary, with atomization by centrifugal energy (Figure 52.15)... 

With a further increase of u, the frequency u becomes zero at u — u. At this point the classical solution loses its stability and a collapse of two solutions occurs, one corresponding to stable and the other to unstable equilibrium points in the effective potential I7(r), which includes the centrifugal energy. Ai u > i/ the potential U(r) possesses no minimum at real r, the equilibrium point escapes to the complex plane, and the coefficients of the 1/n expansion become complex. Such solutions, although they have no physical meaning in terms of classical mechanics, are of special importance in quantum mechanics They are just the solutions determining, within the 1/n expansion, not only the positions but also the widths of the resonance levels. 

When / > 0, the situation is significantly different because the centrifugal energy varies as 1/r, and becomes the dominant term close to the nucleus. This energy acts like a repulsive force and counteracts the... 

Figure 6.6 (a) The variation of the coulombic and centrifugal energies of the electron with distance from the nucleus for I > 0, and (b) their effect on the radial wavefunction R. There are two classical turning points and outside these limits the wavefunction decays away exponentially... 

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