Profitability analysis case study

The next section will explain in more detail the content of different levels. The approach will be applied throughout the whole book, although not in a repetitive manner. Actually, each case study will emphasize only generic conceptual elements. The case study regarding the manufacturing of cyclohexanone by phenol hydrogenation is a kind of leading example. Since the book focuses on technical aspects, there is no place for cost evaluation and profitability analysis. 

A more advanced feature in flowsheeting is the use of analysis tools for design or operation. For example, a sensitivity analysis can capture interrelations between different variables in the simulation problem. A more elaborate research may involve case studies. The capacity of simulation to imagine virtual experiments is a real benefit from which the user should know to take full profit. 

The present study, whieh is part of a broader research activity still under way, provides cost and profitability analysis with respect to organic and integrated fruit production in Italy. A comparison between the two production techniques within a static farm management framework is discussed. Production costs and profits are estimated for two case studies, the first one related to apple production and the second one related to peach and nectarine production. Both the cases refer to the area of Northeast Italy, which is the most important area for these types of produce. 

In Figure 7.11, the possible causes are arranged on the horizontal axis in descending order of number of surveyed persotmel selecting the causes as most influential. This display, which is typical of Pareto Analysis results, emphasizes that two causes (8. Absence of project plans and 4. Internally-driven uncompensated scope creep) account for about 80 percent of poor project profitability. Clearly, remedial measures should focus on these two causes. Kuprenas et al (1999) present a case study in which... 

Relative Sensitivity Plot Another type of analysis developed by J. C. Agarwal and I. V. Klumpar (Chem. Eng., pp. 66-72, Sept. 29, 1975) is the relative sensitivity plot. The variables studied are related to those in the base case, and the resulting plot is the relative profitability. 

For the analysis of the decisive variables of a profitable microchemical process, different case scenarios were studied based on the existing manufacturing process. The calculations were based on an average yield of the process which could be achieved of 75%, including not only the reaction yield but also the loss of the product within the purification process. 

The results from synthesis and structure proof studies demonstrate that the product resulting from a TATP synthesis may be a complex mixture. Furthermore, the products are rich in peroxide functionality and make them relatively unstable, and therefore, unsafe. The thermal-induced decomposition of TATP has been studied and is reported to produce primarily acetone, carbon dioxide, and ozone as decomposition products [22-25], TATP from syntheses catalyzed with sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, and perchloric acid was reported to spontaneously decompose over time to yield DADP, even at low temperatures (i.e., 0°C) [26]. While it may be sufficient in many cases to simply identify the presence of TATP, forensic examination may profit from a more complete analysis of the product mixture that comprises unpurified synthetic TATP. Unpurified TATP may be encountered in terrorism investigations, industrial accidents, and other events that involve the possible formation of organic peroxides from acetone and related ketones. 

In the same year, our group in Lausanne published first results from a similar instrument which was equipped with an electrospray ion source for producing closed-shell biomolecular ions, the first demonstrations of which were the measurement of the UV spectra of cold, protmiated aromatic amino acids, tryptophan [46], tyrosine [46, 122], and phenylalanine [122]. Spectroscopic detection is achieved by measuring the small percentage of parent ions that fragment subsequent to UV absorption. The internal temperature of the ions was estimated to be 11-16 K from an analysis of the intensity of hot band transitions of low frequency vibrational modes. If the temperatures achieved in buffer-gas cooled ion traps are low enough and the spectra sufficiently simple, one can often resolve UV absorption spectra for different stable cOTiformers of the molecule [122]. In this case, one can use the IR-UV double resonance techniques so profitably employed in supersonic molecular beam studies [91,123-128] to measure conformer-specific infrared spectra, and this was applied by Steams et al. to both individual amino acids [129] as well as peptides with up to 12 amino acid residues [130]. Subsequent improvements to the Lausanne machine (Fig. 7) included the addition of an ion funnel to... 

---