Cardiac regeneration

The identification of a direct cardiac precursor within the bone marrow cell population opens up a vast number of possibilities for the field of cardiac regeneration. In theory, in vitro expansion of this type of cell would be therapeutically attractive. 

Because ESCs are pluripotent and can proliferate indefinitely, they may have an important potential role in cardiac regeneration. Although ethical issues involving the use of human ESCs has slowed research in several countries, including the United States, enthusiasm about their future clinical utilization remains high. 

The real promise of a stem cell-based approach for cardiac regeneration and repair lies in the promotion of myogenesis and angiogenesis at the site of the cell graft to achieve both structural and functional benefits, Despite all of the progress and promise in this field, many unanswered questions... 

Vanderheyden MMS, Vandekerckhove B, De Bondt R et al. Selected intracoronary CD 133 + bone marrow cells promote cardiac regeneration after acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 2004 I 10 324-325. 

Haider H. Bone marrow cells for cardiac regeneration and repair current status and issues. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2006 4 557-68. 

In summary, there are many stem cell types that have the potential for cardiac repair, but more sophisticated cell culture and TE approaches need to be developed. In addition, the main obstacle influencing cell therapeutic efflcacy is the high death rate of donor stem cells after transplantation. Fabrication of biomaterial scaffolds with suitable nanostructure could be a feasible strategy for optimizing stem cell therapy for cardiac regeneration. 

Cardiac regeneration and repair Volume 1 Pathology and therapies Edited by R-K. Li and R. D. Weisel... 

A distinct advantage of biological pacemakers to gene therapies for cardiac regeneration is that focal modifications of electrical properties suffice for effective... 

Cardiac regeneration and repair Volume 1 Pathology and therapies... 

Cardiac regeneration and repair. Volume 2 Biomaterials and tissue engineering... 

The first approach is to stimulate the endogenous repair mechanisms. Cardiac progenitor cells have recently been discovered, and their ability to trigger endogenous repair and potential for cardiac tissue regeneration has been recognized. However, the exact mechanism by which they promote cardiac regeneration remains unknown. 

Emmert, M.Y., Hitchcock, R.W., Hoerstrup, S.P., 2014. Cell therapy, 3D culture systems and tissue engineering for cardiac regeneration. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 69—70, 254—269. 

Amado LC etal. (2006) Multimodality noninvasive imaging demonstrates in vivo cardiac regeneration after mesenchymal stem cell therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol 48 2116-2124... 

Westermann, D., Schultheiss, H.P., and Tschbpe, C. (2008) New perspective on the tissue kallikrein-kinin system in myocardial infarction role of angiogenesis and cardiac regeneration. International Immunopharmacology, 8, 148-154. 

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