Stem cells types

In conclusion, we have shown that successful treatment of MI and I/R AKI with MSC holds substantial promise for the development of novel, MSC-based interventions that can improve the treatment of severe, and still largely therapy-resistant, clinical ischemic myocardial infarction as well as ARF that results from I/R injury. Pluripotent MSC, because of their versatility and the ease with which they can be harvested from the bone marrow, culture expanded, and engineered, appear to be a particularly well-suited stem cell type for these clinical indications. 

Stem Cell Types and Characteristics Adult Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells... 

Table 13.1. Features different stem cell types.

This review provides an introduction to the different methods utilized for the fabrication of nanostructures, the different kinds of nanotopographies, and the major stem cell types studied in the field of tissue regeneration. Emphasis is given to the attachment and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), embryonic stem cells (ESCs), and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on biomimetic nanomaterials for advancing the field of bone, cartilage, cardiac, nerve, and skin tissue regeneration. 

In summary, there are many stem cell types that have the potential for cardiac repair, but more sophisticated cell culture and TE approaches need to be developed. In addition, the main obstacle influencing cell therapeutic efflcacy is the high death rate of donor stem cells after transplantation. Fabrication of biomaterial scaffolds with suitable nanostructure could be a feasible strategy for optimizing stem cell therapy for cardiac regeneration. 

TABLE 11.3-1. Stem Cell Types and Their General Characteristics... 

In addition to the three main cell types above, there are two main adult stem cell types from which the main bone cell types are derived. These are known as mesenchymal stem cells, and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). 

Reference Stem cell type Culture format Differentiation factors % ALB -i-ve HLCs (assay) Enzyme (assay method) %hPH comparator Other comparators... 

This chapter focuses on the mechanisms responsible for the lower mutation frequency in mES cells. mES cells and somatic cells will be compared on basis of the extent of DNA damage, the cell cycle control mechanisms that are involved, the efficiency of the DNA repair and apoptosis induction. Furthermore mES cells have an additional mechanism to avoid passing on mutations to their progeny, i.e. induction of differentiation. A review of these issues in other embryonic stem cell types, more specifically hES cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, will be briefly discussed. Finally, the relation between these mES cell features and the in vivo situation will be described. 

A variety of stem cell types, such as BMSCs, adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), muscle-derived stem cells, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), among others, have been applied not only due to their differentiation capability but also because their ability to secrete various trophic factors (Georgiou et al., 2013, 2015 Ding et al., 2010 Kolar and Kingham, 2014 Lavasani et al., 2014 Mohanunadi et al., 2013 Sugimura-Wakayama et al., 2015). 

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