Carcinoma cisplatin therapy

Jeremie B, Shibamoto Y, Stanisavljevic B, Milojevic L, Milicic B, Nikolie N. Radiation therapy alone or with concurrent low-dose either cisplatin or carboplatin in locally advanced unresectable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck a prospective randomized trial. Radiotherap Oncol 1997 43 29-37. 

Sharma VM, Wilson WR. Radiosensitization of advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck with cisplatin during concomitant radiation therapy. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 1999 256 462 165. 

GOG-9804 Phase I/II Study of Extended Field Radiation Therapy With Concurrent Paclitaxel and Cisplatin Chemotherapy in Patients With Previously Untreated Carcinoma of the Cervix Metastatic to the Para-aortic Lymph Nodes. Study Protocol, http //www.cancer.gov/search/clinical trials... 

The study population was stratified by T and N stage, pathology, and performance status. Patients received 35-39 fractions of daily radiotherapy and were randomized to concomitant cisplatin (100 mg/m2 on d 1,22, and 43) followed by three cycles of adjuvant cisplatin (80 mg/m2, d 1) and continuous infusion 5-FU (1000 mg/m2, d 1 —4) every 28 d. Overall, superiority of treatment was seen in the concomitant chemoradiation therapy arm in comparison to radiotherapy alone with the 3-yr progression-free survival (PFS) of 69% vs 24% (p < 0.001) and 3-yr OS of 78% vs 47% (p = 0.005). Hence, the recommended standard of care in treating patients with nasopharygneal carcinoma is concomitant chemoradiotherapy. 

Berek JS, Heaps JM, Fu YS, et al. Concurrent cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy and radiation therapy for advanced-stage squamous carcinoma of the vulva. Gynecol Oncol 1991 42 197-201. 

Paclitaxel is among the most active of all anticancer drugs, with significant efficacy against carcinomas of the breast, ovary, lung, head, and neck. It is combined with cisplatin in the therapy of ovarian and lung carcinomas and with doxorubicin in treating breast cancer. 

Combined-modality therapy—radiation plus cisplatin—for localized carcinoma of the cervix has recently proved to achieve long-term survival rates superior to those reported with radiation alone. 

Kogure, T. Ueno, Y. Iwasaki, T. Shimosegawa, T. The efficacy of the combination therapy of 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin and leucovorin for hepatocellular carcinoma 117. and its predictable factors. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 

In a 56-year-old man with a transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder gemcitabine plus cisplatin caused extensive necrotizing vasculitis with muscle damage after the second course of therapy (20). Chemotherapy was withdrawn immediately but the symptoms of... 

Covens A, Boucher S, Roche K, et al. Is paclitaxel and cisplatin a cost-effective first-line therapy for advanced ovarian carcinoma Cancer 1996 77 2086-2091. 

Cisplatin, in combination with bleomycin, etoposide, ifosfamide, or vinblastine, cures 90% of patients with testicular cancer. Used with paclitaxel, cisplatin induces complete response in most patients with carcinoma of the ovary. Cisplatin produces responses in cancers of the bladder, head and neck, cervix, and endometrium all forms of carcinoma of the lung anal and rectal carcinomas and neoplasms of childhood. The drug sensitizes cells to radiation therapy and enhances control of locally advanced lung, esophageal, and head and neck tumors when given with irradiation. 

COMBINATION THERAPY Higher response rates are seen when 5-FU is used in combination with other agents, such as cyclophosphamide and methotrexate (breast cancer), cisplatin (head and neck cancer), and with oxaliplatin or irinotecan in colon cancer. The combination of 5-FU and oxaliplatin or irinotecan has become the standard first-hne treatment for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. The use of 5-FU in combination regimens has improved survival in the adjuvant treatment for breast cancer, and with oxaliplatin and leucovorin, for colorectal cancer. 5-FU also is a potent radiation sensitizer. Beneficial effects also have been reported when combined with irradiation for cancers of the esophagus, stomach, pancreas, cervix, anus, and head and neck. 5-FU is used widely with very favorable results for the topical treatment of premalignant keratoses of the skin and multiple superficial basal cell carcinomas. 

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