Carbon, transport

These models are too simple to reflect realistic dynamic properties of the carbon budget. Even so, they depend on data that are poorly measured or lacking. Many potentially important compartments are missing or assumed to be unimportant. For example, no model considers carbon transported from terrestrial systems to the oceans through rivers and streams. While the amount is very small, it is continuous and cumulative (25)... 

The two prime mechanisms of carbon transport within the ocean are downward biogenic detrital rain from the photic zone to the deeper oceans and advection by ocean currents of dissolved carbon species. The detrital rain creates inhomogeneities of nutrients illustrated by the characteristic alkalinity profiles (Fig. 11-9). The amount of carbon leaving the photic zone as sinking particles should not be interpreted as the net primary production of the surface oceans since most of the organic carbon is recycled... 

KAMMERER, B, FISHCER, K., HILPERT, B., SCHUBERT, S, GUTENSOHN, M., WEBER, A., FLUGGE, U.-I., Molecular characterization of a carbon transporter in plastids from heterotrophic tissues the glucose 6-phosphate phosphate antiporter, Plant Cell, 1998,10, 105-117. 

Wolf-Gladrow, D. and Riebesell, U. (1997). Diffusion and reactions in the vicinity of plankton a refined model for inorganic carbon transport, Mar. Chem., 59, 17-34. 

The UK Fuel Cell Vision Paper also focuses on demonstrations to prove the economic and technical feasibility of fuel cell technology and build awareness of fuel cells benefits. Also, the government-sponsored Low Carbon Vehicle Partnership (LowCVP) will ensure that UK industry is fully involved in the shift to low-carbon transport, providing a forum for all stakeholders to work towards this goal. 

Powering Future Vehicles - The Government Strategy - was published on July 31, 2002. Its objective is that the UK should lead the global shift to clean, low carbon transport Key elements in the strategy are the adoption of targets for low and ultra low carbon vehicles and the formation of a Low Carbon Vehicles Partnership. 

Spent carbon transport may require hazardous waste handling. 

To overcome some of these difficulties we started a program to monitor the inorganic and organic constituents in major world rivers. The study "Carbon Transport in Major World Rivers" is sponsored by the Scientific Committee for Problems of the Environment (SCOPE) and the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP). Within its framework over 50 % of the total water discharged to the sea is being monitored at least once a month. 

Chowdhury, M.I., Safiullah, S., Iqbal Ali, S.M., Mofizuddin, M. and Enamul, S., 1982. Carbon transport in the Ganges and the Brahmaputra preliminary results. In E.T. Degens (ed.), Transport of Carbon and Minerals in Major World Rivers. Pt. 1, Mitt. Geol.-Palaont. Inst. Univ. Hamburg, SCOPE/UNEP Sonderbd., pp. 457-468. 

Carbon Isotopes as Tracers of Biogenic and Fossil-Fuel-Derived Carbon Transport in the Atmosphere... 

Although it appears that the major carbon transport system for the wheat grain amyloplast does not involve triose-P, and most likely involves hexose-P (Fig. 3), the major carbon transport systems for other amyloplasts are not certain. More recent evidence does indicate that what is true for wheat is also true for pea embryo amyloplasts, for maize, and for potato. Thus, it may be that the major transport system for most reserve, nonphotosynthetic plant systems is at the hexose-P level and not at the triose-P level. The glycolytic scheme in the amyloplast may then take on a more important function than is observed in the chloroplast, in that the scheme aids in the production of amyloplastic ATP. Amyloplastic 3PGA may then also be an indicator of the state of ATP level in the amyloplast and, on its accumula-... 

Sarmiento J. L., Monfray P., Maier-Reimer E., Aumont O., Murnane R. J., and Orr J. C. (2000) Sea-air CO2 fluxes and carbon transport a comparison of three ocean general circulation models. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 14, 1267-1281. 

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