Carbon Capture, Storage, and Transportation

The carbon capture, storage, and transportation (CCS T) is an important option for reducing the impact of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and mitigate climate change [57], allowing the use of fossil fuels to produce energy in an environmentally 

As an innovative application of MCFC, the possibility of using them in CCS T has been proposed by several groups. This application involves MCFC plant sizes that can be significantly larger than those actually used in the distributed generation strategy in this case modularity can be played upon. 

For reducing carbon emissions, two MCFC features are relevant the high efficiency and the capability to segregate CO2 while at the same time producing energy, in contrast with other capture technologies that are heavy net energy consumers. 

The high electrical efficiency of MCFCs, up to 50%, means that at a predefined power level, lower fuel consumption is possible in comparison with conventional electric generators. For example, less natural gas or other hydrocarbons are used to produce the primary MCFC fuel, that is, H2, and consequently less CO2 is sent into the atmosphere, demonstrating that high efficiency makes MCFCs a natural candidate for CO2 abatement. 

Furthermore, MCFCs are the only FC technology that allows CO2 concentration, meaning an innovative way of separating CO2 for its final abatement 

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CO2 separation equipment for carbon capture, storage, and transportation applications, see Section 3.3.2 ... 

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