Carbon fibres hybrids

Boron fibres and boron/carbon fibre hybrids... 

The boron/carbon fibre hybrids, Hy-Bor, are sometimes used in sports goods for their ability to provide thinner laminates and save weight for the same stiffness. 

Harel H, Aronhime J, Schulte K, Friedrich K, Marom G, Rate-dependent fatigue of aramid-fibre carbon-fibre hybrids, J Mater Sci, 25(2b), 1313-1317, 1990. 

Li Y, Xian XJ, Choy Cl, Guo MI, Zhang ZG, Compressive and flexural behavior of ultra-high-modulus polyethylene fibre and carbon fibre hybrid composites, Composites Sci Technol, 59(1), 13-18, 1999. 

G. Marom, H. Harel, S. Neumann, K. Friedrich, K. Schulte, H. D. Wagner (1989) Fatigue behaviour and rate-dependent properties of aramid fibre/carbon fibre hybrid composites. Composites 20,537. 

A hybrid composite material is made up of 20% HS carbon fibres by weight and 30% E-glass fibres by weight in an epoxy matrix. If the density of the epoxy is 1300 kg/m and the data in Fig. 3.2 may be used for the fibres, calculate the density of the composite. 

Figure 11.1 (a) Proposed hybrid composite-metal wingbox, (b) metal to composite skin-stringer joint and (c) proposed representative benchmark joint [2]. CFC, carbon fibre composite. 

In this chapter, the characteristics of air explosions are briefly described and various blast protection paradigms are discussed. The blast behaviour of plain composites and multilayered structures are then discussed. Plain composites typically comprise polymeric resins with a fibre reinforcement, such as carbon fibre-reinforced epoxy resins. Multilayered systems include composite sandwich stmctures and hybrid composite-metal structures, known as fibre-metal laminates (FMLs). 

A A J M Peijs, P Catsman, L E Govaert and P J Lemstra, Hybrid composites based on polyethylene and carbon fibres. Part 2 Influence of composition and adhesion level of polyethylene fibres and mechanical properties . Composites 1990 21 513. 

Salinas-Torres, D., J. M. Sieben, D. Lozano-Castell6, D. Cazorla-Amoros, and E. Morallon. 2013. Asymmetric hybrid capacitors based on activated carbon and activated carbon fibre-PANl electrodes. Electrochimica Acta 89 326-333. 

Fig. 12.13 Optical photograph of (a) a commercial cotton T-shirt (b) a piece of ACT and (c) a piece of ACT under folding condition, showing its highly flexible nature (d) and (e) SEM images of cotton T-shirt textile and ACT, and insets are SEM images of individual cellulose fibre and activated carbon fibre, respectively. Scale bars, 1 mm (d) 2 pm (inset of (d)) 1 mm (e) and 5 pm (inset of (e)) (f) cyclic voltammetry (CV) curves of ACT at different scan rates in 1M aqueous NUjSO solution (g) specific capacitances at different scan rates of ACT derived from CV curves (h) CV curves of MnO /ACT hybrid composite at different scan rates in 1M aqueous Na SO solution (i) comparative CV curves of ACT and MnO /ACT hybrid composite at a scan rate of 2mVs .

As a reinforcement, Kevlar 49 is in intense competition with carbon fibre. They are both much more costty than E-glass, and are considered only where their outstanding mechanical properties are really needed. Not surprisingly, there is currently increasing interest in hybrid composites. A combination of two or more types of reinforcement is used to produce an optimum profile of cost and properties for a given application. 

Zhu XY, Li ZX, Jin YX, Laminar fracture-behavior of (carbon glass) hybrid fibre reinforced laminates, . Laminar fracture process, J Eng Eracture Mechanics, 44(4), 545, 1993. 

Miwa M, Horiba N, Effects of fibre length on tensile-strength of carbon glass-fibre hybrid composites, J Mater Sci, 29(4), 973-977, 1994. 

Marston C, Gabbitas B, Adams J, The effect of fibre sizing on fibres and bundle strength in hybrid glass carbon fibre composites, J Mater Sci, 32(6), 1415-1423, 1997. 

Aronhime J, Harel H, Gilbert A, Marom G, The rate-dependence of flexural shear fatigue and uniaxial compression of carbon-fibre and aramid-fibre composites and hybrids, Composites Sci Technol, 43(2), 105-116, 1992. 

Duvis T, Papaspyrides CD, Skourlis T, Polyamide coating on carbon-fibres and potential application in carbon kevlar epoxy hybrid composites, Composites Sci Technol, 48(1-4), 127-133, 1993. 

Jang J, Kim H, Improvement of carbon fibre/peek hybrid fabric composites using plasma treatment, Polymer Composites, 18(1), 125-132, 1997. 

Peijs A, Venderbosch RW, Lemstra PJ, Hybrid composites based on polyethylene and carbon-fibres, 3. Impact resistant structural composites through damage management, Composites, 21(6), 522-530, 1990. 

Peijs A, Vanklinken EJ, Hybrid composites based on polyethylene and carbon-fibres, 5. Energy-absorption under quasi-static crash conditions, J Mater Sci Lett, 11(8), 520-522, 1992. 

Jang JS, Moon SI, Impact and behavior of carbon fibre/ultra-high modulus polyethylene fibre hybrid composites, Polymer Composites, 16(4), 325-329, 1995. 

Banerjee AN, Saha N, Mitra BC, Flexural behavior of unidirectional polyethylene carbon fibres PMMA hybrid composite laminates, J Appl Polym Sci, 60(1), 139-142, 1996. 

Park RC, Jang JS, Impact behavior of carbon fibre polyethylene fibre hybrid composite, the effect of surface treatment of polyethylene fibre, Polymer Composites, 19(5), 600-607, 1998. 

Optimisation of morphology of polyimide-silica hybrids in the production of matrices for carbon fibre. High Perform. Polym., 13, 1. 

Kinloch AJ, Mohammed RD, Taylor AC, Sprenger S, Egan D (2006) The interlaminar toughness of carbon-fibre reinforced plastic composites using hybrid-toughened matrices. J Mater Sci 41(15) 5043-5046... 

Glass fibres, carbon fibres, graphite fibres and aramid fibres account for most of the reinforcements found in plastic composites. In the large-scale production of consumer-orientated composite products, hybrid composites are used in which glass fibres are mixed with... 

Hybrid composite materials (HCM) represent the newest group of various composites where more than one type of fibre is used to increase cost-performance effectiveness, i.e., in a composite system reinforced with carbon fibres the cost can be minimised by reducing its content while maximising the performance by optimal partial replacement with an another fibre or by changing the orientations. HCM include nanocomposites [31], functionally gradient materials [32], Hymats (hybrid materials) [33], interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN) [34], and liquid crystal polymers [35]. 

HYBRID COMPOSITES BASED ON POLYETHYLENE/CARBON FIBRES Compressive and Impact Behaviour... 

Combining both fibres as reinforcing elements in so-called hybride composite structures can result in a unique class of structural materials in terms of strength, stiffness and impact performance. Preliminary results concerning the use of HP-PE and carbon fibres in hybride composite structures, in an epoxy matrix, will be presented emphasizing compressive and impact properties. 

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