Capillary gas chromatography-electron capture

Jasinski JS. 1989. Multiresidue procedures for the determination of chlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans in a variety of foods using capillary gas chromatography-electron-capture detection. J Chromatogr 478 349-367. 

H. Maksoud, S. Kuttab, et al., Analysis of N-propylino-rapomorphines in plasma and tissue by capillary gas chromatography-electron capture detection, J. Chromatogr., 274 149-159 (1983). 

Moore, J.M. Cooper, D.A. The application of capillary gas chromatography—electron capture detection in the comparative analyses of illicit cocaine samples. J. Forensic Sci. 1993, 38,1286-1304. 

Pentafluorophenoxy)ethyl-2-(piperidino)-ethanesulfonate (PFPES) as a new deriva-tization reagent has been used for the determination of cyanide in the presence of other anions using capillary gas chromatography-electron capture detector (CGC-ECD) [65]. The reactive cyanide and other anions such as iodide, nitrite, and thiocyanate in a liquid biphasic reaction system (PFPES does not react with fluoride and chloride anions) are derivatized. 

Dunnivant, F.M. and A.W. Elzerman. 1988. Determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in sediments, using sonication extraction and capillary column gas chromatography-electron capture detection with internal standard calibration. Jour. Assoc. Offic. Anal. Chem. 71 551-556. 

Chlorinated compounds were analyzed by gas chromatography-electron capture detection (GC-ECD) on a Vista 44 GC System equipped with a DB-1701 fused silica, capillary column (30 m, 0.25 inn I.d. J W Scientific). Helium and nitrogen were the carrier and make-up gases, respectively. The Injector and detector temperatures were 260 C and 285 C. The column oven was temperature programmed from 65°C (held 1 min) to 230°C at 25°C/min, held at 230°C for 7.4 min, and then heated to 245°C at lO C/min. The linear velocity at maximum temperature was ca. 50 cm/sec. All GC Injections In this study were splltless with the Inlet purged 1 minute after Injection. The retention time of decachloroblphenyl under these conditions was approximately 26 minutes. 

Moore JM, Allen AC, Cooper DA (1984) Determination of manufacturing impurities in heroin by capillary gas chromatography with electron capture detection after deri-vatization with heptafluorobutyric anhydride. Anal Chem 56 642-646 Moore JM, Cooper DA, Lurie IS, Kram TC, Carr S, Harper C, Yeh J (1987) Capillary gas chromatographic-electron capture detection of coca-leaf-related impurities in illicit cocaine 2,4-diphenylcyclobutane-l,3-dicarboxylic acids, 1,4-diphenylcyclo-butane-2,3-dicarboxylic acids and their alkaloidal precursors, the truxillines. J Chromatogr 410 297-318... 

The gas chromatographic determination of isomers of dinitrotoluene in seawater has been described by Flashimoto and co-workers [296,297]. These authors describe the complete separation of six dinitrotoluene isomers using gas chromatography with support-coated open tubular glass capillary columns and electron-capture detection. The method was applied to the qualitative and quantitative analyses of trace levels of isomers in seawater and the results were found to be satisfactory, with no need for further clean-up procedures. 

Neumayr [3] carried out soil atmosphere studies using capillary gas chromatography and electron capture and flame ionization sequential detection and used this as a means of pinpointing zones of soil and groundwater contamination. 

Xie [39] determined trace amounts of chlorophenols and chloroguaiacols in marine sediments collected off the Swedish coast. The compounds were desorbed from sediment surfaces by a mixture of acetic anhydride and hexane, after buffering with O.lmol L 1 sodium carbonate. The optimal pH was achieved by a 1 4 ratio of buffer to acetic anhydride. The acetylated extracts were analysed by glass capillary gas chromatography with electron capture detection. The recoveries, at the pg kg-1 level, ranged from 85-100% with standard deviations of 4-11%. 

Ritsema R, Cofino WP, Frintop PCM, et al. 1989. Trace-level analysis of phthalate esters in surface water and suspended particulate matter by means of capillary gas chromatography with electron-capture and mass-selective detection. Chemosphere 18 2161-2175. 

Page BD, Newsome WH, MacDonald SB. 1987. Determination of several halogenated fumigants in cereal products by steam distillation and capillary gas chromatography with electron capture detection. J Assoc Off Anal Chem 70 446-450. 

Gas Chromatographic Analysis. We used temperature programmed glass capillary gas chromatography to separate PCB residues. Use of an electron capture detector required an efficaceous sample cleanup for isomer quantitation (27). These combined techniques offered enhanced separations and enabled us to identify and quantitate individual PCB constituents (jL> 27). Schwartz (27) separated more than 100 constituents from a 1 1 1 1 mixture of Aroclors 1242, 1248, 1254, and 1260. 

Lantz RJ, Farid KZ, Koons J, Tenbarge JB, Bopp RJ. 1993. Determination of fluoxetine and norfluoxetine in human plasma by capillary gas chromatography with electron-capture detection. J Chromatogr A 614 175. 

Bailey E, Peal JA, Philbert M. 1988. Determination of 1,3-dinitrobenzene and its metabolites in rat blood by capillary gas chromatography with electron-capture detection. Journal Chromatography Biomedical Applications 425 187-192. 

Miyahara M, Suzuki T, Saito Y. 1992. Multiresidue method for some pesticides in lanolin by capillary gas chromatography with detection by electron capture, flame photometric, mass spectrometric, and atomic emission techniques. J Agric Fd Chem 40 64-69. 

Stellaard F, Langelaar SA, Kok RM, Jakobs C (1989) Determination of plasma bile acids by capillary gas-liquid chromatography-electron capture negative chemical ionization mass fragmentography. J Lipid Res 30 1647-1652... 

Toxaphene Electron capture negative ion mass spectrometry then high-performance liquid chromatography and capillary gas chromatography [526]... 

Niemann RA. 1986. Surrogate-assisted determination of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin in fish by electron-capture capillary gas-chromatography. J Assoc Off Anal Chem 69 976-980. 

P. O. Edlund, Determination of opiates in biological samples by glass capillary gas chromatography with electron-capture detection, J. Chromatogr., 204 206 (1981). 

J. M. Moore, A. C. Allen, and D. A. Cooper, Determination of manufacturing impurities in heroin by capillary gas chromatography with electron capture detection after derivatization with hep-tafluorobutyric anhydride, Anal. Chem., 56 642 (1984). 

Subsequently the compounds were analysed by capillary gas chromatography using an electron-capture detector. 

Also the derivatization produced electron capturing impurities which occasionally interfered with the tetradecenal peak. Our present method of analysis involves quantitation of TDAL using a capillary column GC/MS technique. The GC/Mass Spectrometer (Finnigan 4021) is used in the multiple ion detection (MID) mode under computer control. Specific ions in both the internal standard (decylbenzene) and the pheromone are recorded. The combination of high resolution capillary gas chromatography and the specificity of the mass spectrometer in the MID mode, makes this technique superior to the oxime method, albeit, a little less sensitive. (EC v-lOO peg MID 500 peg)... 

Niemann RA, Brumley WC, Firestone C, Sphon JA (1983), Anal. Chem. 55 1497-1504. Analysis of fish for 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin by electron capture capillary gas chromatography"... 

Comba ME, Kaiser KLE. 1983. Determination of volatile contaminants at the ng. 1-1 level in water by capillary gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Int J Environ Anal Chem 16 17-31. 

Larsson, M. and Roos, C. 1983. Determination of C1-C4 fatty acids as p-bromoacyl esters using glass-capillary gas chromatography and electron-capture detection. Chromatographia 17 185-190. 

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