Canvey Island

The investigating team was charged to realisticaHy assess the risk at individual installations before considering interactions that may arise from fires, explosions and the release of airborne toxic substances and other interactions between installations. 

The part of the mainland within the area covered by the investigation is not rcsidcniial. hui primarily industrial. The two large oil refineries belonging to Shell UK Oil and Mobil Oil Coinpany Limited are located on the riverside. The liquefied petroleum gases cylinder (LPG) filling plant of C.ilor Gas Limited is north of the refineries. Fisons Limited s ammonium nitrate plant i in i c cstern part of the area. 

Manor Way, A1014 provides road access to the mainland a rail line for freight nms fmiii the main line through the Shell UK Oil refinery to Thames Haven, and to the Mobil Oil disiribution terminal at Coi-yton. A deep water channel provides access to the ten jetties of the two refineries. The control room and pumping station for the U.K. oil pipeline is located at Coryton. Oil products are transported by pipeline from Texaco Ltd on Canvey Island and from the two oil refineries ou the mainland Helicopters from the site landing pad. survey the pprelines. 

Texaco Limited, Canvey Island tank farm on the west side of the methane terminal is used to import petroleum products by sea via the two jetties, store and distribute them by tanker-trucks and sea, but mostly by the U.K. oil pipeline. The storage capacity is 80,000 tonnes of petroleum products employing about 130 people. 

London and Coastal Oil Wharves Limited bulk stores, in tanks, a variety of petroleum products and other substances that are flammable or toxic. Some tankage is leased to Texaco Limited which is connected into the UK oil pipeline for transfer from the site. Products also are rcccis cd by road and sea. The storage capacity is more than 3(X),(XK) tonnes with about fifty people employed. 

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Investigation of Potential Hazar ds fr om the Oper ations in the Canvey Island/ Thurrock Ar ea, HMSO, London, 1978. Rasmussen, Reactor Safety Study An Assessment of Accident Risk in U.S. Commer cial Nuclear Power Plants, WASH-... 

Chemical Industry - has risks comparable to or possibly greater then those of the nuclear power industry, but no risk studies of chemical plants in the U.S. have been published. Great Britain, on the other hand, has been active in this area, e.g., the Canvey Island Study (Section 11.4.1 and Green, 1982). 

CANVEY An Investigation of Potential Hazards from Operations in the Canvey Island/Thurrock Area... 

In the Canvey study (King, 1990 Health and Safety Executive, 1978) the potential hazards to the public from the industrial activities in the Canvey Island/Thurrock area of Essex was studied. The study showed that pressure vessels had ten times bigger assumed frequency of catastrophic failures than LPG-pumps. 

Health and Safety Executive. 1978. Canvey an investigation of potential hazards from operations in the Canvey Island/Thurrock area. London Health and Safety Executive. 

Canvey island study (1978) [26] Process plants in the Thurrock area (U.K.)... 

Dense gas mathematical models are widely employed to simulate the dispersion of flammable and toxic dense gas clouds. Early published examples of applications include models used in the demonstration risk assessments for Canvey Island (Health Safety Executive, 1978, 1981) and the Rijnmond Port Area (Rijmnond Public Authority, 1982), and required in the Department of Transport LNG Federal Safety Standards (Department of Transportation, 1980). While most dense gas models currently in use are based on specialist computer codes, equally good and versatile models are publicly available (c.g., DEGADIS, SLAB). The underlying dispersion mechanisms and necessary validation are more complex than any other area of consequence modeling. 

Nonetheless such a situation is not typical of India alone—many industrialized western European countries have encountered similar challenges in the past and evolved systematic methods for assessing risk from hazardous industries which then led to the adoption of suitable risk reduction strategies (Pasman and Reniers, 2013). In order to assess cumulative risk arising from a cluster of hazardous industrial establishments and to evaluate options for area level risk mitigation measures, few studies were carried out in countries like Netherlands, UK and Italy during the 1970 s. Some examples of these studies include those undertaken in Rijnmond, the Netherlands, Canvey Island in the UK and the Ravenna area in Italy etc. But then, it is only after the accidents in Bhopal... 

Omega Plastics Ltd Northwick Road Canvey Island Essex Canvey 2163... 

HSE, (1981a) Canvey A Seeond Report. A Review of Potential Hazards from Operations in the Canvey Island/Thurrock Area , Health Safety Executive, HMSO, United Kingdom. 

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