Cancer developed countries

Globally, undernutrition is widespread, leading to impaired growth, defective immune systems, and reduced work capacity. By contrast, in developed countries, there is often excessive food consumption (especially of fat), leading to obesity and to the development of cardiovascular disease and some forms of cancer. Deficiencies of vitamin A, iron, and iodine pose major health concerns in many countries, and deficiencies of other vitamins and minerals are a major cause of iU health. In developed countries, nutrient deficiency is rare, though there are vulnerable sections of the population at risk. Intakes of minerals and vitamins that are adequate to prevent deficiency may be inadequate to promote optimum health and longevity. 

The pattern of hormonal risk factors involved in the development of endometrial cancer is similar to those associated with the development of breast cancer. In addition, there is substantial evidence to suggest that HRT can increase the risk (Beral et al, 1999 Bingham et al, 1998). Compared to the UK, the incidence of endometrial cancer in countries such as Japan is relatively low (Bingham et al, 1998). It has been suggested that dietary factors may be responsible for the reduced incidence, and there is indirect evidence from epidemiology studies which suggests that increased consumption of soy products may lower the risk of endometrial cancer. However, these data are not conclusive. To date, no studies have demonstrated a link between consumption of phytoestrogens and an increased risk of endometrial cancer. 

There is no doubt that the eating patterns and physical activity of the adult have a direct effect on the prevalence of nontransmittable chronic illnesses. In recent decades, the prevalence of cardiovascular disease, obesity, cancer, hypertension, and diabetes, among others, has steadily increased, making these diseases the priority for health care systems in many countries, especially in developed countries. 

Lactation is a basic period in mammalian reproduction, and the breast, its function, and pathology have a very important place in medicine and society. In developed countries breast cancer is the most important issue, far more important than nonlactational galactorrhea it is frequently related to infertility or unsuccessful breastfeeding and is a major health concern among women. 

The probabilities of cancer development in urban environments of two of the most polluted Asian countries are shown in Table 6. 

Yet another SET domain protein, which is directly related to cancers, is SMYD3 that gets upregulated in colorectal cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma, a leading cause of death in developed countries (Hamamoto et al, 2004). 

Along with coronary heart disease, cancer is one of the major causes of death in developed countries and increasingly so in developing countries. At least one person in three in developed countries will develop cancer and one in four men and one in five women will die from it. The incidence of cancer increases with age, particularly above 45 years. Although the number of cases of cancer is expected to be more than 14 million worldwide by 2020, it is claimed that most cancers are avoidable because they are caused by unhealthy food, an unhealthy lifestyle and/or... 

Helicobacter pylori infections are now also accepted as the primary cause of peptic ulcer disease (PUD). In the US, approximately four to five million people suffer from PUD, and the economic consequences of the disease are responsible for as much as 3 to 4 billion in annual health care costs. The situation is even more serious in many developing countries, where HP infections, PUD and gastric cancer are major causes of morbidity. 

Helicobacter infections are of great concern worldwide due to its association with peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. Resistance to available antimicrobials is on the rise, not only in the US but also in the developing countries. This increase in resistance has opened the door for research into... 

In developing countries, cancer cases have risen from 2 million in 1985 to 5 million in 2000 and are projected to number 10 million in 2015. By contrast, in developed countries, there were 5 million cases in 1985 as well as in 2000 no increase is projected to 2015. 

For example, in the United States, in 1991, more than 1 million invasive cancers occurred, i.e., an incidence of about 400 per 100,000 per year. In addition, more than 600,000 nonmelanomatous skin cancers occurred most of them can now be cured. In developed countries, the probability of dying from cancer is 20-25% and is expected to further increase. 

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the causative agent of virtually all cases of cervical cancer and one of the most common of the sexually transmitted diseases. Cervical cancer remains a main cause of cancer-related death in many developing countries. Current vaccines are too expensive... 

Folate deficiency is associated with the increased risk of neural tube defects (spina bifida, anencephaly), cardiovascular diseases, megaloblastic anemia, and some cancers (Bailey et al., 2003 Finglas et al., 2006 Scott et al, 1999). Unfortunately, folate intake is suboptimal in most of the world s populations, even in developed countries (Scott et al., 2000). Therefore there is an urgent need to increase folate content and bioavailability in staple foods. Because of its large consumption worldwide, potato is an appealing target for enrichment. 

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