Campylobacter jejuni

Campylobacter jejuni has emerged during the last few years as a major cause of enteritis in humans and is mainly transmitted by contaminated food, in other words it is a food-poisoning microorganism. 

Campylobacter jejuni is the most commonly identified bacterial cause of diarrhea worldwide. The organism accounts for... 

Mignini F, Falcioni E, Prenna M, Santacroce F, Ripa S Antibacterial activity of rifaximin against Clostridium difficile, Campylobacter jejuni and Yersinia spp. J Chemother 1989 1 220-222. 

Antibiotics have a recognized role in the treatment of culture-proven bacterial causes of symptomatic enteric infection such as Shigella spp., Campylobacter jejuni and Salmonella typhi. The use of antibiotics in the treatment... 

While in patients with traveler s diarrhea due to E. coli the efficacy of the antibiotic was uniformity high, the cure rate was significantly lower when invasive pathogens (e.g. Campylobacter jejuni) causing fever and/or dysentery were present (DuPont, unpublished observations). 

BPH—benign prostatic hypertrophy BPM—breaths per minute beats per minute BUN—blood urea nitrogen C—mean plasma concentration Cmi]X—maximum plasma concentration Cmm—minimum plasma concentration C albicans—Candida albicans C. bofulinum—Clostridium frotu/irtum C. difficile—Clostridium difficile C. jejuni—Campylobacter jejuni C. neoformans—Cryptococcus neoformans Ca—calcium... 

The first transporter of this type characterised as an iron-supply system that functions in the absence of any siderophore was the Sfu system of S. marcescens [224]. Later, similar systems were reported from Neisseria gonorrhoea and Neisseria meningitidis, and have been detected by analysing the genomes of a variety of bacteria, e.g. Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, B. halodurans, Campylobacter jejuni, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Halobacterium sp., H. influenzae,... 

Fig. 3.—Chemical structure of the major component of Campylobacter jejuni lipid A. For details see the text. See also the legend to Fig. 2. For substituents of the phosphate groups see Table I. The a-anomeric phosphate has been tentatively assigned (97).

Monteville, M. R., and Konkel, M. E. (2002). Fibronectin-fadlitated invasion of T84 eukaryotic cells by Campylobacter jejuni occurs preferentially at the basolateral cell surface. Infect. Immun. 70, 6665-6671. 

Ruiz-Palacios, G. M., Cervantes, L. E., Ramos, P., Chavez-Munguis, B., and Newburg, D. S. (2003). Campylobacter jejuni binds intestinal H(0) antigen (Fuc alphal, 2Gal betal, 4GlcNAc), and fucosyloligosaccharides of human milk inhibit its binding and infection. /. Biol. Chem. 278,14112-14120. 

Szymanski, C. M., and Armstrong, G. D. (1996). Interactions between Campylobacter jejuni and lipids. Infect. Immun. 64, 3467-3474. 

Takata, T., Fujimoto, S., and Amako, K. (1992). Isolation of nonchemotactic mutants of Campylobacter jejuni and their colonization of the mouse intestinal tract. Infect. Immun. 60, 3596-3600. 

Carrillo CD, Taboada E, Nash JH, Lanthier P, Kelly J, et al. 2004. Genome-wide expression analyses of Campylobacter jejuni NCTC11168 reveals coordinate regulation of motility and virulence by flhA. J Biol Chem 279 20327. 

Campylobacter jejuni type 0.5-6 h emetic 2-5 days cramps Emitic vomiting, occasional abdominal cramps and/or diarrhea. Dose >106 cfu Diarrhea which may be watery or sticky and Manure especially derived... 

Campylobacter jejuni is a normal commensal of the gastrointestinal tract of poultry, pigs, and cattle. In a 12-month abattoir study, Milnes et al. (2007) determined the fecal carriage of thermophilic Campylobacter to be 54.6% in cattle, 43.8% in sheep, and 69.3% in swine. Hutchison et al. (2004) isolated Campylobacter from 13% of fresh cattle manure, 14% of swine manure, 19% of fresh poultry manure, and 21% of fresh sheep manure levels in stored manure were significantly lower. Human carriers also represent significant vehicle by which the pathogen can be transferred to foods. 

Brandi, M. T., Haxo, A. F., Bates, A. H., and Mandrell, R. E. (2004). Comparison of survival of Campylobacter jejuni in the phyllosphere with that in the rhizosphere of spinach and radish plants. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 70,1182-1188. 

Garenaux, A., Jugiau, F., Rama, F., de Jonge, R., Denis, M., Federighi, M., and Ritz, M. (2008). Survival of Campylobacter jejuni strains from different origins under oxidative stress conditions Effect of temperature. Curr. Microbiol. 56, 293-297. 

Mihaljevic, R. R., Sikic, M., Klancnik, A., Brumini, G., Mozina, S. S., and Abram, M. (2007). Environmental stress factors affecting survival and virulence of Campylobacter jejuni. Microb. Pathog. 43,120-125. 

Terzieva, S. I. and McFeters, G. A. (1991). Survival and injury of Escherichia coli, Campylobacter jejuni, and Yersinia enterocolitica in stream water. Can. ]. Microbiol. 37, 785-790. 

Waage, A. S., Vardund, T., Lund, V., and Kapperud, G. (1999). Detection of small numbers of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli cells in environmental water, sewage, and food samples by a seminested PCR assay. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65,1636-1643. 

This NRL sensor was used for fhe rapid detection of Campylobacter jejuni and small toxins, including several mycotoxins [ochratoxin A, fumonisin B, aflafoxin Bi, and deoxynivalenol (DON)] from food pro-ducfs (Ngundi et ah, 2005, 2006 Sapsford et ah, 2006). They used a sandwich immunoassay formaf fo detect C. jejuni in milk and yogurt and a competitive immunoassay format to detect the mycotoxins. 

Che, Y., Li, Y., and Slavik, M. (2001). Detection of Campylobacter jejuni in poultry samples using an enzyme-linked immunoassay coupled with an enzyme electrode. Biosens. Bioelectron. 16, 791-797. 

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